Palestinian

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  • Palestinian Music.
    • Background
      • Arabic, Jewish and Christian influences
    • melody
      • Based on scales called Maqam
      • MIcrotonal meaning it has notes between semitones
      • melodies are improvised, using melodic ideas, ostinatos and ornimentation
      • Vocal parts use melisma, high pitched trills and pitch bends
    • harmony
      • The Oud (which can also play the melody) provides a drone
      • Arghul also provides a drone
    • Instruments
      • Oud- pear shaped instrument, commonly with 11 strings. Both an accopaniment or harmony role and melody role
      • Kanun- an Egyptian harp and has to be tuned to the correct scale (Maqam). Melody instrument which lays down the pitch for other instruments
      • Doumbek- plays the rhythm. played with a light touch produing a variety of sounds. Can produce 3 types of tones
      • Arghul- Wind instrument which plays the drone (accompaniment or harmony
    • rhythm
      • Hundreds of different patters- one called a wazn similar to tala in indian classical
      • Many patterns are irregular rhythms with irregular metres such as 5/8, 7/8 or 8/8. Often rhythms are very syncopated and accented off beat
      • The most common rhythmic pattern is called Maqsum
      • often improvied with pieces beginning free of tempo
    • Texture
      • Usually monophonic. A number of different instruments or voices will vary their parts with small improvisations, making it heterophonic
      • Heterophonic- one tune that all instruments play, but with variations, and often at different times

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