P.4- Electric Circuits
- Created by: Inaya_oxo
- Created on: 04-11-16 17:05
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- P.4- Electric Circuits
- P4.1 - Electric Charges and Fields
- Charges
- neutrons have no charge
- electrons are negatively charged
- protons are positively charged
- a charged atom is called an ion
- Static Electricity
- only produced when 2 insulators are rubbed together
- conductors cant produce it as they pull the flow of charge towards the earth
- the object that is losing its electrons becomes positively charged
- the object gaining electrons becomes negatively charged
- Electric Fields
- a charged object has an electric field around itself
- lines can be drawn to represent it
- if the charges are different the 2 objects will attract
- if the charges are the same the 2 objects will atract
- Charges
- P4.2 - Current and Charge
- current is the rate of flow of the electrons passing in a wire
- current is measured in amps
- voltage is the electrical energy between 2 points in a circuit
- electric charge is measured in coulombs
- a diode stops the energy flowing in a particular direction
- current is the rate of flow of the electrons passing in a wire
- P4.3 - Potential difference and resistance
- potential difference
- voltage is measured in volts
- same thing as voltage
- resistance
- is the collisions the electrons have to face when going through a wire
- measured in ohms
- in a circuit it limits the current
- factors that affect
- length of wire
- material
- temperature
- potential difference
- P4.4 - component characteristis
- Faliment lamp
- it is a non ohmic conductor
- the resistance increases as the current increases
- resistance increases as the filament temperature increases
- Diode
- its an non ohmic conductor
- the resistance changes as the current changes
- Light emitting diodes light up when a current passes through
- Thermistors and light-dependent resistors
- they are used in sensor circuits
- a thermistors resistance decreases as the temperature increases
- the resistance of a light-dependent resistor decreases if the light intensity dereases
- Faliment lamp
- P4.5 - series circuits
- the same current passes through each component
- it has no extra branches
- the voltage is divided between the components
- when you add another resistor the total resistance in the circuit increases
- P4.6 -Parallel Circuits
- they have extra branches
- the current divides once the branches split in the circuit
- the voltage is the same as the power supply
- once you add another resistor the total resistance decreases
- P4.1 - Electric Charges and Fields
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