P3 - Energy Resources
- Created by: H_Coveney
- Created on: 08-12-17 10:42
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- P3.1- Energy demands
- Nuclear power and fossil fuel power
- Nuclear power station
- Fuel = uranium or plutonium
- Energy released per kg of fuel = approx. 300,000 MJ
- = about 10,000 times the energy released per kilogram of fossil fuel.
- Waste = radioactive waste that needs to be stored for many years
- Greenhouse gases e.g. carbon dioxide = none; because the uranium releases energy without burning.
- Fossil fuel power station
- Fuel = coal, oil or gas
- Energy released per kg of fuel = approx. 30 MJ
- Waste = non-radioactive
- Greenhouse gases e.g. carbon dioxide = yes; burning fossil fuels produces gases such as carbon dioxide, when they burn.
- Nuclear power station
- Global energy demands
- OIL = 31%
- Non- renewable because they are used faster than they are created. They will run out one day.
- COAL = 31%
- GAS = 24%
- NUCLEAR = 4%
- Non- renewable because they are used faster than they are created. They will run out one day.
- COAL = 31%
- GAS = 24%
- HYDRO ELECTRICTY= 7%
- NUCLEAR = 4%
- OTHER RENEWABLE= 3%
- OIL = 31%
- Biofuels are renewable sources of energy,
- Biofuels are taken from any living or recently living organism.
- e.g. methane gas; produced from manure, sewage and decaying rubbish.
- e.g. biodiesel - vegetable oils used in cars and lorries instead of diesel.
- e.g. wood and woodchip can be burned in power stations instead of fossil fuels.
- e.g. ethanol is a flammable liquid made from fermented sugar cane and can be used in cars and lorries instead of petrol.
- They can be used instead of fossil fuels in modified engines for transport and in generators in power stations.
- Biofuels are better for the environment than fossil fuels as they are renewable and carbon- neutral
- it is renewable because its biological source either regrows (vegetation) or is continually replenished (sewage + rubbish). It is used up at the same rate that it is replaced.
- It is carbon-neutral as, in theory, the carbon that the living organism takes form the atmosphere as carbon dioxide can balance the amount that is released when it is burnt.
- Biofuels are taken from any living or recently living organism.
- Nuclear fuel
- Nuclear fuel takes energy from atoms. Uranium or plutonium is used as the fuel in a nuclear power station.
- The uranium fuel is in sealed cans in the core of the reactor. The nucleus is unstable and so it can split into two; transferring energy (the core can become very hot.)
- Coolant is very hot when it leaves the core. It flows through a pipe to a heat exchanger, then back to the reactor core.
- The energy transferred by the coolant is used to turn water into steam in the heat exchnager. The steam drives turbines that turn electricity generators.
- The uranium fuel is in sealed cans in the core of the reactor. The nucleus is unstable and so it can split into two; transferring energy (the core can become very hot.)
- Nuclear fuel takes energy from atoms. Uranium or plutonium is used as the fuel in a nuclear power station.
- Nuclear power and fossil fuel power
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