P2: Radiation and Life
- Created by: Emily Malfoy
- Created on: 14-05-14 09:38
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- P2: Radiation and Life
- Uses of electromagnetic radiation
- Microwaves
- cooking food
- Microwave ovens protect people by having metal doors and cases that absorb or reflect the radiation, stopping it from leaking out
- mobile phone signals
- cooking food
- Radiowaves
- transmitting radio and TV signals
- Infrared
- to measure temperature in medicine
- As 'night vision' goggles
- The hotter the temperature of something the more infrared radiation it emits
- to measure temperature in medicine
- The hotter the temperature of something the more infrared radiation it emits
- optical fibre communication
- ultraviolet
- to detect fake bank notes
- tanning beds
- visible light
- Allows humans to see
- create energy in solar panels
- helps plants to photosynthesize
- X-rays
- To produce pictures of bones in medicine
- X-rays are weakly absorbed by skin and muscle but strongly absorbed by dense material such as bone and metal
- To find cracks in metal
- X-rays are weakly absorbed by skin and muscle but strongly absorbed by dense material such as bone and metal
- To produce pictures of bones in medicine
- Gamma rays
- to kill harmful bacteria in food
- to sterilise surgical instruments
- used in low doses in cancer traetments
- Microwaves
- dangers of electromagnetic radiation
- X-rays
- are ionising so it can change a cell causing damage in in some cases cancer
- cell damage and death
- in ionisation, and electron is removed from the atom
- are ionising so it can change a cell causing damage in in some cases cancer
- Gamma rays
- are ionising so it can change a cell causing damage in in some cases cancer
- cell damage and death
- in ionisation, and electron is removed from the atom
- are ionising so it can change a cell causing damage in in some cases cancer
- ultra violet
- suppression of immune system
- cataracts
- sunburn
- microwaves
- there is no evidence that exposure to microwaves will harm you however they have a heating effect and so may cause burns in extreme cases
- radiowaves
- may lead to Alzheimer's disease
- infrared
- can cause cataracts
- visible light
- too much light can damage your retina
- ALARA
- ALARA stands for As Low As Reasonably Achievable
- It is a way of making the risk of being exposed to radiation (e.g. when having an X-ray) as small as possible
- X-rays
- signals
- analouge
- can have any range of values
- vinyl records, tapes
- includes the whole range of notes in a song- some say this makes it sound better
- digital
- can only have two values 0 and 1 (on or off)
- other sound can disrupt it but it is easier to remove this sound as there are a set amount of values the original wave could be
- CDs, MP3 files
- analouge
- The electromagnetic spectrum from low to high energy:
- radiowaves, microwaves, infrared, visible light ultra violet, x rays gamma rays
- Photons
- Radiation travels in 'packets' called photons
- the energy of each photon depends on the type of radiation
- radiowave photons have to lowest energy
- gamma ray photons have the highest energy
- Intensity
- Intensity= the energy arriving at a surface each second
- the intensity of radiation will decrease the further you are from the source of the radiation
- some radiation is absorbed
- the radiation spreads out as it travels
- Uses of electromagnetic radiation
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