P1.2 mindmap
- Created by: CCauston113
- Created on: 30-04-17 13:23
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- P1.2 - The Earth and its processes
- The Rock Cycle
- Continents would have eroded to sea level if mountains weren't constantly formed
- Rocks provide evidence for changes in the Earth
- Wegener
- For and against
- FOR geometric fit of continents, matching fossils and rock layers
- Movement is not detectable, he was a meteorologist not a geologist, conflicting theory of land bridges
- Continents have drifted and once formed a super-continent - Pangea
- Mountains are formed when continents crash into each other
- For and against
- Tectonic Plate Processes
- Floor spreading is a consequence of movement of the mantle
- Sea floors spread by a few cm a year
- Earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountain building generally occur at plate boundaries
- Earthquakes occur when pressure is released e.g. at conservative boundaries
- Earthquakes produce p-waves and s-waves that are detected by seismometers
- Mountain building occurs at collision boundaries
- Volcanoes occur at constructive boundaries and subduction zones
- Earthquakes occur when pressure is released e.g. at conservative boundaries
- Floor spreading is a consequence of movement of the mantle
- Waves
- P-waves: travel through solids and liquids, longitudinal
- S-waves: travel through solids only, transverse
- Formulae
- Distance = wave speed x time
- wave speed = frequency x wavelength
- Frequency (Hz) is the number of waves each second
- Wavelength is the distance between 2 corresponding points
- Structure of the Earth
- The Earth has a solid core, liquid mantle and solid crust
- We can tell the structure using p-waves and s-waves
- p-waves go all the way through but s-waves don't - therefore their is a liquid part
- The Rock Cycle
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