Oxygen and oxides

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  • Created by: emews
  • Created on: 14-11-17 18:34
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  • Oxygen and oxides
    • Oxygen can be made from hydrogen peroxide, which decomposes slowly to form water and oxygen:
      • hydrogen peroxide ? water + oxygen
    • Many metals and non-metals react with oxygen in the air when they are heated to produce metal oxides and non-metal oxides.
    • Carbon dioxide is produced whenever an acid reacts with a carbonate.
    • This makes carbon dioxide easy to make in the laboratory. Calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid are usually used because they are cheap and easy to obtain.
    • Carbon dioxide is slightly soluble in water and denserthan air, so another way to collect it is in a dry, upright gas jar.
    • Calcium carbonate breaks down when heated strongly. This reaction is called thermal decomposition.
      • Other metal carbonates decompose in the same way, including:
        • sodium carbonate
        • magnesium carbonate
        • copper carbonate
    • Properties and uses of carbon dioxide
      • Carbon dioxide is soluble in water. When it dissolves it forms a carbonic acid.
      • Carbonic acid is what gives fizzy drinks their bubbles. At high pressures, more carbon dioxide dissolves in water, and because this reaction is reversible, when the pressure decreases carbon dioxide is released again.
      • Some gases in the Earth’s atmosphere absorb infrared radiation. These gases are called greenhouse gases and they keep our planet warm.
      • Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas. Even though it only makes up about 0.04 per cent of the atmosphere, carbon dioxide is a very important greenhouse gas because it absorbs infrared well.
        • The greenhouse effect is a natural process that keeps the Earth’s atmosphere warm. This has been essential to the evolution of life as we know it.

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