Our Changing Planet
- Created by: sophie.rebecca_
- Created on: 07-05-16 11:11
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- Our Changing Planet
- How do tectonic plates move? What happens at their boundaries?
- Convection currents due to radioactive decay drag plates, at boundaries there are volcanoes and earthquakes.
- What was Wegener's Theory? Why didn't people accept it? What did people think before this?
- Wegener suggested continental drift, due to fossils and rock formations being similar on different continents.
- Wasn't accepted because he couldn't explain how, instead people thought that mountains were formed as the earth cooled down and shriveled.
- What was the early atmosphere like? Why?
- Carbon dioxide, water vapor, methane and ammonia, because it all came from volcanoes on the surface.
- How were oceans formed?
- As the earth cooled down the water in the atmosphere condensed and fell as rain to form oceans.
- How did oxygen get into the atmosphere?
- Once plants were around, they photosynthesized: COv2+Hv2O-(Sunlight)->glucose+Oxygen. and produced oxygen.
- What are the layers of the Earth called? What is the core made of?
- Inner core, outer core, mantle, crust, atmosphere. Core is made of nickle and iron.
- What are the molecules that make up living things? How are they made up?
- Proteins are made of amino acids, which are made up of water, ammonia (NHv3), methane (CHv4), and hydrogen (Hv2).
- What is the experiment that simulates the making of organic compounds? How does it work?
- The Miller-Urey Experiment, Ocean water is heated, gasses rise, lightening spark, condensed, sampled to find amino acids.
- Why do some people disagree with the Miller-Urey theory? What is another theory?
- Biological material cannot be made from non-biological material, God made life, oxygen would have been present so it wouldn't work.
- That amino acids came to earth via meteorite, or life its self came from a meteorite.
- What has happened to all of the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?
- It got locked up in carbon-sinks. E.g. The ocean, new plant material, animal tissues, sedimentary rocks (limestone) and fossil fuels.
- What happened to the methane and ammonia?
- They reacted with they oxygen formed by the plants, increasing the hydrogen levels in the atmosphere: 4NHv3 + 3Ov2 --> 2Nv2 + 6Hv2O, and CHv4 + 2Ov2 --> COv2 + 2Hv2O.
- What is the atmosphere like today?
- 78% Nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% other gases (carbon dioxide and nitrogen)
- How are the gases in the air separated? Explain the process:
- Cooled down to liquids below -200, by compressing down to 150 times atmospheric pressure and releasing, then it is heated slowly and the gases are collected one at a time at the top of a fractioning column.
- Gases boiling points: Nitrogen -196, Argon -186, Oxygen -183.
- Explain how the carbon cycle regulates the carbon dioxide:
- Carbon moves between the oceans, living things, and rocks, regulating the amount in the atmosphere.
- Why is the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increasing?
- We are burning fossil fuels and unlocking locked up carbon dioxide faster than it is being locked up again.
- How do tectonic plates move? What happens at their boundaries?
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