OTHER RISK FACTORS OF CHD
- Created by: Gabriella
- Created on: 26-11-13 17:01
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- Other Risk Factors of CHD (MULTI- FACTORIAL)
- Smoking
- Haemoglobin carries CO
- Less O2 to respiring cells including cardiac muscle fibres
- Nicotine stimulates adrenaline release
- Increased hr
- Vasoconstriction of the arteries
- Increased bp
- Vasoconstriction of the arteries
- Increased hr
- Chemicals damage endothelium
- Atherosclerosis triggered
- Reduces HDL level
- Haemoglobin carries CO
- Inactivity (Sedentary lifestyle)
- Obesity/ unhealthy weight
- Exercise LOWERS bp
- Exercise raises HDL level
- Exercise reduces risk of developing type II diabetes
- Exercise maintains a healthy weight
- Obesity/ unhealthy weight
- Lack of antioxidants (vitamins)
- DURING METABOLISM (UNSTABLE) FREE RADICALS ARE PRODUCED (WITH AN UNPAIRED ELECTRON)
- HIGHLY REACTIVE, DAMAGE CELL COMPONENTS
- Without these, the free radical cannot be stabilise as not provided with an unpaired electron
- HIGHLY REACTIVE, DAMAGE CELL COMPONENTS
- Higher incident of CHD, cancers etc
- vitamin C, beta-carotene, vitamin E add H2
- Without these, the free radical cannot be stabilise as not provided with an unpaired electron
- vitamin C, beta-carotene, vitamin E add H2
- DURING METABOLISM (UNSTABLE) FREE RADICALS ARE PRODUCED (WITH AN UNPAIRED ELECTRON)
- Too Much Salt (>6g - mainly found in processed food)
- EXCESS mean that the kidney's retain H2O
- Raised bp
- EXCESS mean that the kidney's retain H2O
- Excessive alcohol (yet moderate drinking has potential protective effects)
- Raised bp
- Damaged heart muscle (tissue damage)
- Irregular heartbeat
- Raised LDL level
- Obesity
- Genetics
- Familial hypercholest- rolaemia
- Mutation in LDLR gene
- LDL receptors don't form/ misshapen = less efficient
- Increased LDL level
- LDL receptors don't form/ misshapen = less efficient
- Mutation in LDLR gene
- Apolipoprotein gene clustor
- Apolipoproteins = protein component of lipoproteins
- Formed in liver/intestine
- APOA - HDL. Mutation = low HDL level, more cholesterol in blood stream
- APOB - LDL Mutation = high LDL level
- Stabalises protein structure and recognises receptors involved in lipoprotein uptake on plasma
- APOA - HDL. Mutation = low HDL level, more cholesterol in blood stream
- APOB - LDL Mutation = high LDL level
- Formed in liver/intestine
- Apolipoproteins = protein component of lipoproteins
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- Muscular walls of heart thicken
- Prevents heart from filling properly
- DEATH
- Stops blood from being pumped
- DEATH
- Stops blood from being pumped
- Prevents heart from filling properly
- Muscular walls of heart thicken
- Familial hypercholest- rolaemia
- Stress
- Adrenaline production increased
- Vasoconstriction of arteries
- Increased bp
- Vasoconstriction of arteries
- Overeating
- Alcohol consumption
- Smoking
- Adrenaline production increased
- Smoking
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