Organic Chemistry
- Created by: leenaq
- Created on: 05-03-14 18:08
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- Organic Chemistry
- Groups
- Alkanes
- CnH2n+2
- the simplest homologous group
- when you burn alkanes with oxgyen you'll get carbon dioxide
- combustion reaction
- when you burn alkanes with oxgyen you'll get carbon dioxide
- the simplest homologous group
- Alkyl
- alkane molecule that has lost a hydrogen atom to attach to another carbon chain
- CnH2n+2
- Alkenes
- CnH2n
- containing a double carbon-carbon bond
- CnH2n
- Alcohols
- CnH2n+1OH
- homologous series of orgainc molecules with an -OH functional group
- CnH2n+1OH
- Carboxylic acid
- CnH2n+1COOH
- homologous series of organic molecules with COOH functional group
- CnH2n+1COOH
- Aldehydes
- CnH2n+2CHO
- ketones
- CnH2nO
- Halogenoalxanes
- CnH2n+1X
- Alkynes
- CnH2n-2
- containing at least one triple carbon-carbon bond
- CnH2n-2
- Alkanes
- Structural Isomerism
- caused by different arrangements of the carbon skeleton
- they have similar chemical properties but different physical properties
- structural isomers have different arrangments of the same atoms
- chain isomers have different arrangements of the carbon skeleton
- Alkanes
- halogens react with alkanes to form halogenalkanes
- the reaction mechanism
- 1) initiation reaction
- free radicals are produced
- sunlight provides energy to break Cl-Cl bond (photodissociation)
- the bond splits equally (homolytic fission)
- the atom becomes a highly reactive free radical because of the unpaired electron
- the bond splits equally (homolytic fission)
- sunlight provides energy to break Cl-Cl bond (photodissociation)
- free radicals are produced
- 2) propagation reactions
- free radicals are used up and created in a chain reaction
- Cl. attacks a methane molecule
- the new methyl free radical attacks another Cl2 molecule
- the Cl. molecule does the same until all the Cl2 and CH4 molecules are wiped out
- the new methyl free radical attacks another Cl2 molecule
- Cl. attacks a methane molecule
- free radicals are used up and created in a chain reaction
- 3) termination reactions
- free radicals are mopped up
- when two free radicals join together they make a stable molecule
- free radicals are mopped up
- 1) initiation reaction
- the reaction mechanism
- halogens react with alkanes to form halogenalkanes
- caused by different arrangements of the carbon skeleton
- Groups
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