Organic chemistry
- Created by: DaisyFord123
- Created on: 17-05-19 14:38
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- Organic Chemistry
- Crude oil
- Mostly made of hydrocarbons a compound that contains hydrogen and carbon only.
- Finite resource, It is the remains of organisms that lived and died millions of years ago - mainly plankton which was buried in mud.
- Fuels such as petrol, diesel, kerosene, heavy fuel oil and liquefied petroleum gases come from crude oil.
- Hydrocarbons
- Cracking
- Large hydrocarbons can be broken down into smaller more useful molecules
- Steam cracking
- Heating a mixture of hydrocarbon vapours and steam to a very high temperature
- Catalytic cracking
- Passing hydrocarbon vapours over a hot catalyst
- Produces unsaturated hydrocarbons called alkenes
- Alkenes
- Form a double carbon covalent bond in their molecules
- Reacts with orange bromine water turning it colourless
- Used to produce polymers
- Alkenes
- Cracking
- Fractional distillation
- Crude oil is separated this way because the different hydrocarbons have different boiling points.
- Properties of the fraction depend on the size of the hydrocarbon molecules in it.
- The hydrocarbons condense to liquids when they reach their boiling point.
- Smaller hydrocarbons
- Low boiling point
- Low viscosity
- Hight flammability
- Larger hydrocarbons
- High boiling points
- High viscosity
- Low flammability
- Combustion
- complete combustion
- Fuel+oxygen-->carbon dioxide+water
- Fuel burns with oxygen
- Gas tests for the products of combustion
- Carbon dioxide; turns limewater cloudy
- Water; turns blue combat chlorine paper pink
- incomplete combustion
- without oxygen
- Produces carbon monoxide
- complete combustion
- Crude oil
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