Protein synthesis, prokaryotes and eukaryotes
- Created by: Steff06
- Created on: 30-03-16 16:56
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- Organelles at work
- Protein synthesis
- 1. Instructions to make the hormone are in the DNA in the nucleus.
- 3. Nucleus copies the instructions in DNA into mRNA.
- 5. Ribosome reads instructions and uses codes to assemble hormone.
- 7. Golgi apparatus PACKAGES and MODIFIES protein so it is ready for release. Packaged into a VESICLE and moved to cell surface MEMBRANE where it is secreted outside.
- 2. Specific instruction to make that hormone is known as the GENE which is on a chromosome.
- 4. mRNA leaves nucleus through nuclear PORE and attaches to a ribosome.
- 6. Assembled protein in rough ER is pinched off in a VESICLE and transported to GOLGI apparatus.
- Differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes:
- Prokaryotic cells are much smaller and do NOT have any internal membranes, nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, endoplasmic reticulum or lysosomes. Prokaryotic ribosomes are smaller.
- Similarities between prokaryotes and eukaaryotes
- Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have a cell surface membrane made of phospholipids, instructions in the form of DNA, ribosomes, cytoplasm and both can perform all the characteristics of living things.
- Prokaryotes that help: Bacterial species used in FOOD INDUSTRY to make cheese and yoghurt. Skin covered in normal flora of bacteria which prevent harmful microorganisms entering the body.
- Bacterial cells in mammals help with vitamin K production and to digest some foods.
- Sewage treatment and natural recycling rely on bacterial cells digesting and respiring dead and waste material.
- Bacterial cells in mammals help with vitamin K production and to digest some foods.
- Protein synthesis
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