Civil Rights: Opposition to Change 1955-68

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  • Created by: eddso
  • Created on: 30-12-14 12:53
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  • Opposition to Change 1955-68
    • Federal
      • Presidential
        • Eisenhower
          • Advocated GRADUAL CHANGE
          • Believed Civil Rights Campaigns would CREATE FURTHER HOSTILITY
          • Ignored constant injustice and violence towards blacks
        • Kennedy
          • Advocated SUPPORT FOR VOTER REGISTRATION
            • Horrified by Freedom Rides violence
            • 1962 VOTER EDUCATION PROGRAMME
              • GRANTS TO THOSE WHO ABANDONED PROTESTS in order to fund voter registration
            • Aimed to keep Federal Government out - resisted calls to intervene with Freedom Rides
        • Johnson
          • Showed no support after activists criticised Vietnam War
      • Congress
        • FILLIBUSTER
          • Senator Thurmond 24 hour 18 minute
            • 1957 Civil Rights Act
          • 18 Southern democrats worked for a 25 hour fillibuster
            • 1960 Civil Rights Act
          • Weakened 1968 Civil Rights Act so laws couldn't be enforced
      • FBI
        • COINTELPRO
          • Harassed Civil Rights Activists
          • Broke into Civil Rights offices
          • Spied on activists
          • JOINED GROUPS (e.g. SNCC) AS SUPPORTERS AND ENCOURAGED TENSIONS
    • States/ Local Government
      • Police
        • Violence
          • Birmingham VICTORY
          • MEMPHIS FAILURE
        • Respect
          • Laurie {ritchett
            • No media attention for Albany!
          • No media attention for Albany!
      • Politicians
        • Orval Faubus
          • Various methods exploited to avoid desegregation
            • Violence
            • Propoganda
            • Legal means
          • Law-makers allowed him to close schools to avoid intergration
        • Mayor Daley
          • Sohisticated methods
            • Openly negotiated with King
            • Had laweyers passing a Court Injunction against protests behind-the-scenes
            • Didn't enforce his promises when re-elected
    • Public Opinion
      • Favoured desegregation but didn't want to live with blacks
        • 1960-70 Major Northern Cities' white population declined by 9.6%
        • 1968 - 16.8% Major Northern cities' white population moved to the subrbs
          • North cities lost tax revenue
            • Black communities disadvantaged

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