Opposition to Nazis
- Created by: valentina__calcagni
- Created on: 17-03-21 09:07
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- Opposition to the Nazi Regime
- Why was opposition limited?
- Terror - ** and Gestapo + Nazi brutality of opponents on NoLK
- Economic miracle - Nazis provided most people jobs
- Nazis abandoned/hid unpopular policies e.g Kristallnacht (Night of the broken glass) and euthanasia campaign
- Opposition was divided and weak
- propaganda
- Opposition between 1933-39
- Communists
- lot of working class support
- The Red Orchestra - underground spy network sent info to Soviets
- V weak - leadership limited after Reichstag fire + many feared arrest
- most persecuted enemy - by 1945 45k killed - part of Hitler's policy - saw them as the 'enemy of state'
- Gestapo broke it down
- Many supported Nazi fear of KPD - propaganda
- Nazi-Soviet Pact 1939 huge blow
- Social Democrats
- Like communists: had working-class support but had been banned
- Much of the leadership been arrested + didn't unite with Communist = weak left-wing opposition
- 1933 (within weeks of Hitler's rise) SPD and Trade Unions banned - concentration camps
- Constrained by law + weak - not ready to fight Nazis
- 1933 (within weeks of Hitler's rise) SPD and Trade Unions banned - concentration camps
- Much of the leadership been arrested + didn't unite with Communist = weak left-wing opposition
- Underground party from Prague gathered info + spread disconent
- Like communists: had working-class support but had been banned
- Churches
- Had chance to stop Nazis due to international power - couldn't be abolished by Nazis
- Leaders naive to agree to Concordat - Nazis started to undermine church influence in schools - removal of crosses
- Nazis acted brutally – murdered
Klausener (Catholic Minister and Politician) in Aug 1934 (Night of Long Knives)
- some priests also sent to camps by Gestapo
- some sympathetic to Nazi idea of anti-communism?
- Pope Pius encyclical attacked Nazis persecution and inhumanity
- Had chance to stop Nazis due to international power - couldn't be abolished by Nazis
- Youth
- Hans and Sophie Scholl - White Rose Group - killed and arrested by Gestapo
- Swing Youth - refused to reject Jews
- weak
- Army
- From Aug 1934 - oath + NOLK realisation of Nazi brutality
- By 1941, Hitler was often in HQ surrounded by security -hard to attack
- March 1943 - Operation Flash directed by Tresckow - failed
- Blomberg-Fritsch Affair 1939 - Hitler removed critics from office - forced Blomberg and Fritsch to resign - appointed himself supreme commander of armed forces
- Army's faith in regime increased w/ into of rearmament programme and conscription - March 1935 - army increased to over 500k men
- Communists
- Why was opposition limited?
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