The Ontological Argument
- Created by: lar.hos
- Created on: 27-02-18 22:26
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- Ontological Argument
- Anselm
- 1.God is 'that than which no greater can be conceived'. 2. To exist in reality is better than to exist only in the mind. 3. God must exist in reality as well as in the mind to be 'that than which no greater can be conceived'.
- Analytic= Statement that is true by defintion
- 1.God is 'that than which no greater can be conceived'. 2. To exist in reality is better than to exist only in the mind. 3. God must exist in reality as well as in the mind to be 'that than which no greater can be conceived'.
- Descartes
- Used predicates to claim God's existence
- The predicate of a triangle is the three sides and to deny the three sides yet to still postulate a triangle involves a contradiction
- The predicate of God is existence, to talk of God and yet deny his existence involves a contradiction.
- Therefore, by definition God must exist
- Kant
- Objected Descartes
- If you dismiss both the three sides(predicate) and that of thee triangle itself(subject) the you are left with no contradiction
- Saying God doesn't exist isn't a contradiction
- If you dismiss both the three sides(predicate) and that of thee triangle itself(subject) the you are left with no contradiction
- Objected Anselm
- Existence isn't a predicate
- Existence tells us nothing about God
- Existence isn't a predicate
- Objected Descartes
- Frege
- Disagreed with Anselm and Descartes
- Only use 1st order predicates
- Existence is a 2nd order predicate
- Only use 1st order predicates
- Disagreed with Anselm and Descartes
- Davies
- 'is' is used in two different ways
- 1.To define something 2. To explain there actually is something
- 'is' is used in two different ways
- Malcolm
- A necessary God cannot be brought about not threatened by anything
- God's existence is either necessary or impossible
- A necessary God cannot be impossible
- Therefore, God necessarily exists
- A necessary God cannot be impossible
- God's existence is either necessary or impossible
- A necessary God cannot be brought about not threatened by anything
- Plantinga
- Modal Form
- There is a possible world in which there is a being who is 'maximally great and excellent'
- In an possible world this being must exist if it had these attributes
- This doesn't mean that God actually exists just that there's a possibility of a God
- In an possible world this being must exist if it had these attributes
- There is a possible world in which there is a being who is 'maximally great and excellent'
- Modal Form
- Anselm
- Gaunilo
- Titled retort 'on behalf of the fool'
- Believes Anselm is trying to move from a definition of God to the suggestion of God's existence. This is not a valid move.
- Island Anaology
- "I don not deny that such an island could exist... I simply will not agree that it does, until I have been shown proof!"
- Ontological Argument
- Anselm
- 1.God is 'that than which no greater can be conceived'. 2. To exist in reality is better than to exist only in the mind. 3. God must exist in reality as well as in the mind to be 'that than which no greater can be conceived'.
- Analytic= Statement that is true by defintion
- 1.God is 'that than which no greater can be conceived'. 2. To exist in reality is better than to exist only in the mind. 3. God must exist in reality as well as in the mind to be 'that than which no greater can be conceived'.
- Descartes
- Used predicates to claim God's existence
- The predicate of a triangle is the three sides and to deny the three sides yet to still postulate a triangle involves a contradiction
- The predicate of God is existence, to talk of God and yet deny his existence involves a contradiction.
- Therefore, by definition God must exist
- Kant
- Objected Descartes
- If you dismiss both the three sides(predicate) and that of thee triangle itself(subject) the you are left with no contradiction
- Saying God doesn't exist isn't a contradiction
- If you dismiss both the three sides(predicate) and that of thee triangle itself(subject) the you are left with no contradiction
- Objected Anselm
- Existence isn't a predicate
- Existence tells us nothing about God
- Existence isn't a predicate
- Objected Descartes
- Frege
- Disagreed with Anselm and Descartes
- Only use 1st order predicates
- Existence is a 2nd order predicate
- Only use 1st order predicates
- Disagreed with Anselm and Descartes
- Davies
- 'is' is used in two different ways
- 1.To define something 2. To explain there actually is something
- 'is' is used in two different ways
- Malcolm
- A necessary God cannot be brought about not threatened by anything
- God's existence is either necessary or impossible
- A necessary God cannot be impossible
- Therefore, God necessarily exists
- A necessary God cannot be impossible
- God's existence is either necessary or impossible
- A necessary God cannot be brought about not threatened by anything
- Plantinga
- Modal Form
- There is a possible world in which there is a being who is 'maximally great and excellent'
- In an possible world this being must exist if it had these attributes
- This doesn't mean that God actually exists just that there's a possibility of a God
- In an possible world this being must exist if it had these attributes
- There is a possible world in which there is a being who is 'maximally great and excellent'
- Modal Form
- Anselm
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