OCD
- Created by: sophie.cumberpatch
- Created on: 14-03-20 16:56
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- OCD
- Characteristics
- Behavioural
- Compulsions - repetitive, to reduce anxiety caused by obsessions
- Avoidance
- Emotional
- Anxiety and distress
- Disgust (oneself/other) and guilt (minor moral issue)
- Cognitive
- Obsessive thoughts - recurring, intrusive - 90%
- Catastrophic thoughts
- Constant alertness
- Aware obsessions / compulsions not rational
- Behavioural
- Biological approach
- Genetics - explains why family members with OCD
- Candidate genes - identified in development of OCD (research)
- COMT gene - regulates dopamine, low activity = OCD
- Dopamine involved in rewards /pleasure
- Too much = compulsions to receive rewards / relief / gratification
- Dopamine involved in rewards /pleasure
- SERT gene - affects transport of serotonin
- Lower level = OCD = anxiety/ constant awareness
- Regulates mood
- Polygenic
- Taylor - 230 genes
- Neural
- Neurotransmitters = messages in brain
- Serotonin - transmission of mood related info doesn't take place = mental processes effected (mood + anxiety)
- Left parahippocampal gyrus - associated with processing unpleasant emtions
- in OCD = abnormal activity
- Left parahippocampal gyrus - associated with processing unpleasant emtions
- Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors SSRIs to treat
- Decision making - hoarding = impaired decision making, abnormal functioning of lateral sides of frontal lobes
- Frontal lobe - decision making + logical thinking
- Decision making - hoarding = impaired decision making, abnormal functioning of lateral sides of frontal lobes
- Serotonin - transmission of mood related info doesn't take place = mental processes effected (mood + anxiety)
- Neurotransmitters = messages in brain
- Treatments
- Drug therapy - anxiety disorders, chemical imbalance in brain
- Corrected by drugs = increase / decrease neurotransmitters
- SSRIs + other treatment = CBT
- Reduces emotional symptoms (anxiety/ depression), engage effectively with CBT.
- SSRIs + other treatment = CBT
- SSRIs - increases serotonin
- Normally reabsorbed by nerve cells, SSRIs prevent, increases serotonin in synaptic gap
- Stimulates postsynaptic neurone, increases mood + decreases anxiety
- Normally reabsorbed by nerve cells, SSRIs prevent, increases serotonin in synaptic gap
- SSRIs alternatives - if not effective over 3/4 months increased or combined with other drugs
- Tricyclics - anti-depressants, inhibit re-uptake of serotonin or norepinephrine
- Corrected by drugs = increase / decrease neurotransmitters
- Drug therapy - anxiety disorders, chemical imbalance in brain
- Genetics - explains why family members with OCD
- Characteristics
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