Observations
- Created by: katieplatts
- Created on: 25-04-19 20:15
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- OBSERVATION
- Types of Observation
- Structured
- Key behaviours are identified before observation
- Can miss out important behaviours
- Can take meaning away from behaviours
- Non-Structured
- No set categories to identify
- Disclosed
- Know they're being observed
- Undisclosed
- Unaware of what researcher is doing
- Ethical dispute between deception and ecological validity
- Controlled
- In a lab setting
- e.g. reaction to a video
- Non-Controlled
- In natural environment
- Structured
- Definition
- Direct records of participants behaviours as it occurs
- Used to form hypotheses, make inferences and provide meaning to our social world
- Degree of Observation
- Full Participant
- Observer is seen as valid member of the group. Role is hidden
- Participant as Observer
- Role is not hidden but is kept quiet. Not seen as main purpose for presence
- Observer as Participant
- Participants are aware that observer is there
- Non-Participant / Open
- Fly on the wall
- Full Participant
- Advantages/ Disadvantages of Observations
- Full Participant
- Full immersion into phenomenon being investigated
- Takes time to build rapport
- Hard to maintain objectivity
- Participant as Observer
- Researcher has more freedom - in depth observation
- Takes time to build rapport
- Ethical Issues
- Observer as Participant
- Researcher can ask questions so more info can be collected
- Observer doesn't play real role in group - can cause tension
- Non-Participant
- Fly on the wall - no influence from researcher
- No real experience of phenomenon
- Full Participant
- When to use Observations
- When you need a natural environment
- Coaching Behaviour Assessment System
- Framework for assessing coaches behaviour in sport
- REACTIVE behaviours
- In response to player/team behaviour
- SPONTANEOUS BEHAVIOURS
- Behaviours of coach not elicited by players
- Inter-Rater Reliability
- Test re-test method.
- Degree to which different researchers give consistent evidence of same behaviours
- Strengths/Weaknesses
- In depth analysis, high ecological validity, natural setting
- Can cause investigator effects, bias may occur, smaller populations so less generalisable
- Types of Observation
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