nutritional

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  • Created by: Elle99
  • Created on: 02-03-18 10:21
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  • Nutritional Aids
    • Carbohydrates
      • 55%
      • energy production
      • cell division
      • active transport
      • formation of molecules
      • fuel for energy (75%)
      • starch: rice and potatoes (stored as glycogen)
      • sugars, fruit and hey (circulate blood stream as glucose)
    • proteins
      • 15%
      • amino acids
        • growth and repair of cells and tissue
        • used to create
          • haemoglobin
          • muscle proteins
          • enzymes
          • antibodies
        • broken down to provide energy aerobically if no other fuel available
      • milk, eggs meat
    • fats
      • 30%
      • insulate nerves
      • form cell membranes
      • cushion organs
      • energy store
      • provide essential fatty acids
        • used for aerobic energy production
        • saturated fatty acids: limited to reduce risk of cardiovascular disease
          • butter and bacon
        • unsaturated fatty aids: beneficial for athletes to boost delivery of oxygen, improve endurance and recovery rates, reduce inflammation and joint stiffness
          • avocado and soya beans
    • minerals
      • maintain body functions
      • bone and tooth development
      • controlling body fluids
      • enzyme formation
      • breaking down food to release energy and normal nerve function
      • calcium: bone health, muscle contraction, blood clotting and nerve transmission
      • iron: formation of haemoglobin, enzyme reactions and immune system
      • phosphorous: bone health and energy production
    • Vitamins
      • maintain body functions
      • fat soluble
        • stored in body and found in fatty foods and animal products
        • vitamin A: antioxidant , eye health, cell and bone growth
          • Vitamin D: bone health and protects against cancer and heart disease
            • vitamin E: antioxidant, skin, eye and immune system health
              • vitamin K: blood clotting and bone health
        • water soluble
          • Vitamin C:skin, blood vessel, tendon, ligament and bone health
            • vitamin B: breakdown of food, haemoglobin and skin, eye and nervous system health
          • not stored and require regular intake
            • fruit, vegetables, milk
    • Fibre
      • cereals, bread, beans, vegetables
      • function of large intestine
      • reduce cholesterol, risk of diabetes and obesity
    • water
      • chemical reactions, to  dissolve and move susbstances
      • regulate temperature
        • in surface (evaporation)
        • lung tissue for expiration as water vapour
      • dehydration
        • decreased plasma volume, stroke volume and increased temp and heat rate
          • endurance and strength suffer
  • amino acids
    • growth and repair of cells and tissue
    • used to create
      • haemoglobin
      • muscle proteins
      • enzymes
      • antibodies
    • broken down to provide energy aerobically if no other fuel available

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