B1
- Created by: emrel
- Created on: 23-03-14 16:05
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- Cell
- Nucleous
- Chromosomes
- Genes
- DNA
- Alleles
- Alternate form of a gene
- Recessive [rr]
- Dominant overpowers recessive [Rr]
- Dominant [RR]
- Genotype
- The letters [RR, rr, Rr]
- Phenotype
- The physical result e.g looks, no dimples
- Hetrozygous
- DIFFERENT
- E.g. Rr
- Straight
- DIFFERENT
- Homozygous
- SAME
- Gay
- E.g. RR
- SAME
- Different combinations cause genetic variation in siblings
- GENETIC
- weight
- ENVIRONMENTAL- caused by surroundings
- Skin tone
- GENETIC
- weight
- ENVIRONMENTAL- caused by surroundings
- Skin tone
- Skin tone
- ENVIRONMENTAL- caused by surroundings
- eye colour
- weight
- GENETIC
- Skin tone
- ENVIRONMENTAL- caused by surroundings
- eye colour
- weight
- MUTATIONS CAUSE GENETIC DISORDERS
- CYSTIC FIBROSIS
- Caused by a recessive allle
- Symptoms can show from birth
- symptoms
- Malnutritoin
- Breathing is hard
- Causes build up of thick sticky mucus, causing large bacterial build up
- no cure, can be relieved using gene therapy
- Replacement of unhealthy DNA from cells
- HUNTINGTONS DISEASE
- Caused by a dominant allele
- Symptoms show 30-50 years old
- Symptoms
- Shaking
- Cannot walk
- Leads to death, no cure
- CYSTIC FIBROSIS
- If you are not a sufferer but still have the allele you are a carrier.
- GENETIC
- Deoxyribonucleic acid
- Types of genetic testing
- Double heilex
- Alleles
- Codes for a feature
- 1 GENE
- Dimples
- SEVERAL GENES
- Height
- Weight
- 1 GENE
- Make proteins
- ANTIBODIES
- Detects antigens
- KERATIN
- key component in hair ant nails
- HORMONES
- chemical messengers
- ANTIBODIES
- DNA
- Come in pairs of 23 in humans (46 in total). Half from each parent.
- In humans the gender is decided by the 23rd pair
- GIRL **
- BOY XY
- Y chromosome carries a gene called the
‘sex-determining region Y’
- causes testes to develop in an XY embryo
- produce androgens
- male sex hormones.
- Androgens cause the embryo to become a male
- Without them, the embryo develops into a female
- Y chromosome carries a gene called the
‘sex-determining region Y’
- Secondary: puberty
- Primary: sex oragans
- Extra chromosomes can lead to downs syndrome or the embryo will never develop
- Sex cells have half the normal cell count. A Zygote has the full amount (fertilised egg)
- Genes
- Control centre of cell
- Chromosomes
- Stem cells
- EMBRYONIC
- Develops into all types of cells
- ADULT
- Develops into many but not all cells
- Unspecialised/ Udifferentiated
- Can develop into differnt cells
- USES
- Used to replace damaged tissue
- Can be used to treat cancers like leukemia
- Help with diabetes
- specialisation happens in early stages
- EMBRYONIC
- Cloning
- naturally : identical twins; when a fertilised eggs cell splits; example of asexual reproduction in animals
- artificially when the nucleus from a body cell is transferred to an empty egg cell or egg cell with nucleus removed; artificial splitting of embryos;
- bacteria, plants and some animals can reproduce asexually to form clones
- genetic testing
- Unethical, playing god
- False negatives and positives, not accurate
- Nucleous
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