Normative Ethics

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  • Normative Ethics
    • Split into 2 types of ethical theories
      • Teleological - Comes from the Greek words 'telos' meaning 'ending'
        • In ethics, refers to views of ethics where the emphasis is on the goal or purpose that an ethical approach is intended to achieve.
      • Deontological -  Comes from the Greek words 'Dei' meaning    'duty' or 'obligation'
        • The approach to ethics in which the rightness or wrongness of an act is judged by its conformity to duties, rules and obligations
        • This type of ethical theory is concerned with the action,not the consequence.
    • Natural Moral Law - St.Thomas Aquinas
      • The 'four-fold' divisions of the law
        • 1. Eternal Law - God
          • 2. Divine Law - Bible
            • 3. Natural Moral Law - Human nature
              • 4. Human Law - Laws e.g EU Laws
      • 5 Primary precepts
        • 1. To preserve life
          • 2. To reproduce
            • 3. To educate
              • 4. To keep order in society
                • 5. To steer from evil and do good, whilst worshipping God
        • These primary precepts are fundamental principals revealed to us by God
      • Secondary precepts (these hold up/support the primary precepts)
        • The secondary precepts are the rules which bring us closer to achieving the primary precepts
          • e.g 'keep order in society' would be upheld by the secondary precept of ' consensual sex outside marriage is wrong' e.g adultery
      • Aquinas also noted that God knows the secrets of our hearts and so our actions must be interior rather than exterior - the motive behind an action counts.

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