Non Verbal Communication
- Created by: amedisetti
- Created on: 11-05-15 20:48
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- Non-Verbal Communication
- How do we communicate?
- Tone (Argyle, Alkema and Gilmour)
- Effect when interpreting a verbal message.
- Groups listned to messages spoken in different tone to the message (Hostile and Friendly)
- Tone of voice had 5 times the effect of the verbal messag itself. Extremely important in how people interpret verbal messages.
- Groups listned to messages spoken in different tone to the message (Hostile and Friendly)
- Effect when interpreting a verbal message.
- Paralinguistics (Davitz and Davitz)
- Effect on the assessment of emotion.
- Assessment from a tape recording to assess tone of voice, emphasis and intonation.
- High level of accuracy of the recognition of affection, amsusement disgust and fear. Great importance when jusging emotion
- Assessment from a tape recording to assess tone of voice, emphasis and intonation.
- Effect on the assessment of emotion.
- Tone (Argyle, Alkema and Gilmour)
- How do we use eye contact?
- Eye movement (Kendon)
- Affect on flow of conversation.
- Conversations were observed through a mirror.
- Prolonged looks were used to indicate turn taking whilst conversating. If no prolonged look there was a pause. Signals turn taking.
- Conversations were observed through a mirror.
- Affect on flow of conversation.
- Interruption of eye contact (Argyle)
- Affect on conversation.
- observed having conversations where one person wears glasses and the other one doesn't.
- The conversations with glasses had more pasues and interruption. Important to ensure the smooth flow of conversation.
- observed having conversations where one person wears glasses and the other one doesn't.
- Affect on conversation.
- Eye movement (Kendon)
- How do we use facial expression?
- Hemispeheres of the brain (Sackeim)
- Relationship between facial expression and hemispheres of the brain.
- New pictures were created with each half of a face. The face showed had an emotion.
- The left fhalf of the face was preffered they were thought to be 'warmer'. Left side expresses emotion more than the right side.
- New pictures were created with each half of a face. The face showed had an emotion.
- Relationship between facial expression and hemispheres of the brain.
- Hemispeheres of the brain (Sackeim)
- How do we use body language?
- Touch (Fisher, Rytting and Heslin)
- Posture (McGinley)
- Effect of postural echo when conversating
- In half of the meetings the confederate echoed the posture of the other person.
- When postural echo was used they liked the confederate. Opposite for the ones without postural echo. Unconscious message of friendliness.
- In half of the meetings the confederate echoed the posture of the other person.
- Effect of postural echo when conversating
- Gestures (Lynn and Mynier)
- Affect of gestures on tipping behaviour
- waitresses either stood up or squat down near the customer.
- When waitresses squat down larger tips were recieved. Gesture of squatting down near a customer will have a positive effect on tipping.
- waitresses either stood up or squat down near the customer.
- Affect of gestures on tipping behaviour
- Open and close posture (McGinley, Lefevre and McGinley)
- Effect of open and closed posture when conversating.
- In half of the conversations the confedarte adopted a closed then other half had closed posture.
- Open posture showed friendliness and attractiveness. Closed showed unfriendly and less attractive. adopted posture will a difference on how much they are liked.
- In half of the conversations the confedarte adopted a closed then other half had closed posture.
- Effect of open and closed posture when conversating.
- How important is personal space?
- Staus differences (Zahn)
- Affect on personal space
- observed equal and unequal status people approsaching each other
- Lower status people didnt approach people of a higher status as with the same status. Space varies between difference in status
- observed equal and unequal status people approsaching each other
- Affect on personal space
- Cultural differences (Summer)
- Use of personal space
- Sex differences (Argyle and Dean)
- Affect on Personal space
- Opposite sex and same sex were asked to sit and coversate and eye contact was used.
- Eye contact tended to break and distance was greater between 2 genders. Greater amount of distance between opposite sex in conversation.
- Opposite sex and same sex were asked to sit and coversate and eye contact was used.
- Affect on Personal space
- Age differences (Willis)
- Affect on personal space
- 800 individulas observed in different social situations.
- Own aged people stood closer and away from elder or younger people. Affects closeness of standing.
- 800 individulas observed in different social situations.
- Affect on personal space
- Staus differences (Zahn)
- How do we communicate?
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