Non-Verbal Communication

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  • Created by: katielou
  • Created on: 15-04-19 17:10
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  • Non-Verbal Communication
    • Verbal comm includes vocal sense - rhythm, pauses, sighs, tones, accents
    • Non-verbal communication includes touch and visual sense - touch = levels of contact, visual = eye contact, posture, facial expressions
    • NVC allows us to interpret and signal communication in silent/easier/quicker way - 5x as likely to believe NVC (Argyle, 1971)
    • Standard spoken sentence = 2.5 seconds of talking, so only 10 mins of verbal / day - rest is NVC! (Birdwhistell 1970) but technology now impacts
      • Mehrabian found: 7% verbal, 38% vocal, 55% visual
    • Functions 1. Replace speech
    • F2. Complement speech (facilitate/emphasis point and facial feedback hypothesis - facial expressions can impact emptional experience, eg public speakersled
    • F3. Signal attitidues
    • F4. Signal emotions: Ekman (2009) microexpressions = fleeting facial expressions lasting 20 second - difficult to control. Also Ekman founded Facial Action Coding System, innately found in many cultures
    • Research Area 1. Proxemics: Argyle & Dean (1965) distance/orientation depend on context, need for affiliation & relationship. Sommer (1969) environment constraints. Different zones depend on differences (intimate, personal space, social, public space). Also cultural differences (most contact vs least)
    • RA 2. Turn-Taking: NVC cues can interrupt politely, offer floor, avoid interruptions & microexpressions show roles of speak/listen exchanges
    • RA3. Eye contact: Argyle et al (1968) unconscious eye movement conveys interest, attention, boredom. Conscious eye movement for social presence/flow (mutual gaze). Also cross-cultural differences/gaze aversion can show power & shiftyness
      • Environment cues = sociopetal encourages interaction & sociofugal discourages interaction

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