Non-communicable diseases
- Created by: milesmegan
- Created on: 29-10-18 13:03
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- Non-communicable diseases
- Health and disease
- Good health is a state of physical and mental wellbeing
- Diseases
- A disease is caused by a part of the body not working properly. this can be either mentally or physically
- communicable - can spread between organisms
- non-communicable - cannot be spread between organisms
- HIV
- Diabetes
- Risk Factors
- Non- communicable diseases are usually caused by many factors
- Risk factors are a factor that will increase the likelihood of someone getting a disease
- Types
- Lifestyle
- Environment
- A risk factor does not mean that it causes the disease itself
- Casual mechanism
- Cardiovascular disease - lack of exercise/ smoking/ high intake of saturated fat
- Type 2 diabetes - obesity
- Liver and brain damage - excessive alcohol intake
- Lung disease - smoking
- Skin cancer - ionising radiation e.g. UV light
- Low birth weight in babies - smoking during pregnancy
- Brain damage in babies - excessive alcohol intake during pregnancy
- CHD (Coronary Heart Disease)
- CHD is layers of fatty material building up inside the coronary arteries causing them to narrow
- Treatment
- Stents - a procedure which reopens up the blocked arteries
- Statins - medication to reduce blood cholesterol and slow down the rate at which fatty material builds up
- Replacement heart valve - both mechanical and biological replacements can be used
- In some cases heart transplants can take place, however this come with great risk
- Cancer
- Risk factors of cancer include smoking, obesity, common viruses and UV exposure
- Genetics are also a great risk factor
- Cancer is causes by an uncontrolled cell division leading to a tumour forming.
- Types of tumours
- Benign - are not cancerous and do not spread around the body
- Malignant - cancerous tumours which spread through the blood around the body causing the form of secondary tumours
- Health and disease
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