Newspapers Industries Overview
- Created by: saegrine
- Created on: 28-03-22 11:44
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- Newspapers - Industries
- Industry Context
- Regulatory Bodies
- PCC
- Previous regulatory body
- Focuses on complaints
- IPSO
- No legal requirement
- Not backed by government
- Current regulatory body
- Magazines are self-regulatory
- PCC
- Newspaper Types
- Broadsheets - Quality newspapers
- e.g. The Guardian and The Times
- Tabloid - popular press
- e.g. the Sun
- Middle-Market Tabloids
- e.g. The Daily Mail, The Express
- Broadsheets - Quality newspapers
- Most newspapers are right-leaning, except for The Daily Mirror
- Right-wing papers = tend to support the Conservatives & UKIP, believe in the free market & oppose socialism.
- Left-wing papers = tend to support Labour & socialist policies that advocate social equality.
- Circulation
- Circulation = how many copies are distributed. Circulation audits are provided by the Audit Bureau of Circulations (ABC)
- Online Integration - Advantages
- Immediate with regular updates.
- Interactive opportunities e.g. audio-visual clips & opportunities to blog or email opinions.
- The Daily Mail, high % of female readers, has had success with its online version of ‘Femail’ focusing on fashion & gossip.
- Apps available for mobile phones & tablets.
- Archive facilities so users can access back issues/features.
- Navigation tools allow users to select the content that interests them.
- Technological Change
- Online Integration - Advantages
- Immediate with regular updates.
- Interactive opportunities e.g. audio-visual clips & opportunities to blog or email opinions.
- The Daily Mail, high % of female readers, has had success with its online version of ‘Femail’ focusing on fashion & gossip.
- Apps available for mobile phones & tablets.
- Archive facilities so users can access back issues/features.
- Navigation tools allow users to select the content that interests them.
- Less physical newspapers in circulation as technology is used more
- News stories are expected to be more immediate and so digital versions have been made
- Cultural shift - news received through social media
- Citizen Journalism
- Papers have started to rely on ordinary people to submit content.
- Gatekeeper - A person or organisation involved in filtering content. In the industry editors perform this role, choosing which stories make it through the ‘gate’ & into the paper. Their decisions are influenced by their ideology & audience.
- They can be responsible for the dissemination of fake news because there’s no responsibility to validate stories unlike news institutions.
- Online Integration - Advantages
- News Values
- Threshold: how big the story is will increase its priority.
- Negativity: bad news is more exciting & interesting than good news.
- Unexpectedness: a shocking event e.g. London terror attacks. Likely to push other news off the agenda & changes to the front page may be made last minute.
- Unambiguity: news that isn’t complex will be higher up the agenda of some papers. Modern wars are difficult to report & avoided by tabloids unless they involve personalities or can be graphically represented.
- Personalisation: news with a human interest angle are more likely to appear in some papers. Readers are interested in celebrities & stories have more meaning if they’re personalised.
- Proximity: the closer to home, the more interested readers are. Tabloid & local papers tend to be more ethnocentric than quality papers.
- Elite nations/people: news about powerful people/nations e.g. USA, will be higher up the agenda.
- Continuity/currency: news that continues to run & is updated as new aspects to the story appear e.g. Brexit & Coronavirus.
- Regulatory Bodies
- Theories
- Cultural Industries - Hesmondhalgh
- Reach and News Corp are horizontally integrated with a wide range of titles. Maximises audiences and minimize risks.
- Reach has embraced digital media through digital ads.
- The Times has a paywall to help maximise profit
- Both organisations own printing plants
- Power & Media Industries -C&S
- Reach have maintained power by diversifying into regional news
- News Corp being so large may inhibit journalists' freedom. Murdoch is accused of controlling his paper.
- However, a more diverse pattern of ownership may increase freedom.
- Regulation Theory - L&L
- Increased pressure to adhere to regulation after phone hacking scandal News Corp was involved in
- Balance between protection and freedom
- Increase in citixen journalism makes regulation difficult
- Regulatory Bodies
- PCC
- Previous regulatory body
- Focuses on complaints
- IPSO
- No legal requirement
- Not backed by government
- Current regulatory body
- Magazines are self-regulatory
- PCC
- Cultural Industries - Hesmondhalgh
- Industry Context
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