Neurons and Synaptic Transmission

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  • Created by: Shambhavy
  • Created on: 16-06-21 10:22
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  • Neurons and Synaptic Transmission
    • 3 Types of Neurons
      • Sensory         neurons: found in receptor cells and carry nerve impulses to the spinal cord and brain.
      • Relay neurons:  found in between sensory input and motor output. +found in brain and spinal cord and allows sensory and motor neurons to communicate
      • Motor neurons: found in the CNS and controls muscle movement. +when its stimulated it releases neurotransmitters that bind to receptors on muscles which triggers response
    • Synaptic Transmission
      • 1.When the electrical impulse reaches the presynaptic terminal it triggers the release of neurotransmitters from synaptic vesicles.
      • 2. Neurotransmitters cross the synapses from vesicles. Then binds to receptors on the post synaptic membrane
      • 3.  Neurotransmitters have an excitatory or inhibitory effect on other neurons.
      • Info is passed down the axon of the neuron as an electrical impulse known as action potential.
        • After action potential reaches end of axon it needs to be transferred to another neuron or tissue by crossing the synaptic gap
          • At end of neuron are the synaptic vesicles which contain neurotransmitters.
            • Neurotransmitters then carry signals across the synaptic gap. They bind on receptor sites on post synaptic cell, then activated
              • After activated, they either produce inhibitory or excitatory effects on post-synaptic cell
                • Excitatory neurotransmitters make the post synaptic cell more likely to fire.
                • Inhibitory neurotransmitters make them less likely to fire.

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