NAZI RISE TO POWER

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Created on: 02-04-14 16:51

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NAZI RISE TO POWER
- PROBLEMS
  - STAB IN THE BACK
    - THOUGHT WINNING WAR
      - KAISER HID BAD NEWS
    - BLAMMED NEW GOVERMENT FOR WAR LOSS
  - TREATY OF VERSAILLES
    - L
      - 13% LAND LOST
        IMPORTANT RAW MATERAILS
      - OVERSEE COLONIES TAKEN AWAY
      - NO RHINELAND = FRENCH SAFE
    - A
      - 100,000
      - NAVY = 15,00 SAILORS + 6 BATTLESHIPS
    - B
      - WAR GUILT CLAUSE
        COUNTRIES DEMAND COMPENSATION
    - M
      - 1921 - £6600
        MOST : FRANCE + BELGIUM
  - VIOLANCE
    - SPARTCIST RISING 1919
      - COMMUNISTS - ROSA LUXEMBURG + KALR LIEBKNECT
        EBERT = NOT IMPROVE LIVES OF WORKING PEOPLE
      - TOOK OVER GOVERMENTS NEWSPAPER + TELEGRAPH HEADQUATERS
      - ARMY STOPPED UPRISING = FAILURE + 100 DEAD
    - RED RISING IN RUHR 1920
      - COMMUNIST PARTY
      - BAD PAY + BAD WORKING CONDITIONS
      - RED ARMY = 50,00 TAKE OVER RUHR
        1000 KILLED
        
        DIDNT WORK -> WEAK LEADERSHIP
        
        NEXT FEW YEARS = STIRKES BUT NO THREAT
    - KAPP PUTSCH 1920
      - WOLFGANG KAPP
      - FREIKORPS DISBANDED = ANGYR
        12,000 ATTACK BERLIN
        GOVERMENT FLEE + KAPP NEW LEADER
        
        LITTLE SUPPORT = WORKERS ON STRIKE
        
        4 DAYS -> EBERTS GOVERMENT RETURNS
    - MUNICH PUTSCH 1923
      - NAZI PARTY
        DEMOCRACY = WEAK GOVERMENT
        
        ONE POLITICAL PARTY + ONE LEADER
      - 55,000 MEMBERS
      - PRIVATE ARMY
        SA
      - TAKE OVER GOVERMENT + GENERAL LUDENDORFF = LEADER
        FORCE KALH =PROMISE
        WITHDREW PROMISE + FIGHTING = 14 NAZI DEATHS + LEADERS = ARRESTED + HITLER = PRISON
  - INVASION OF RUHR
    - 1922 = GERMANY COULDNT PY BACK REPARATIONS
      - 1923 = 60,000 FRENCH + BELGIUM TAKE OVER RUHR
        TOOK SUPPLIES
        
        GERMANS ON STRIKE
        140 KILLED
        
        GOVERMENT GIVE MONEY + NO MONEY COMING IN FROM RUHR= GOVERMENT SHORT ON MONEY
  - HYPER-INFLATION
    - PRINT MORE MONEY + PAY WORKER + DEBTS
      - MORE PRINTED = LESS WORTH
        PRICES RISE
        NOV 1923 = GERMAN MARK WORTHLESS
- STRESSMANN'S SOLUTIONS
  - NEW CURRENCY
    - RENTENMARK
    - ONE RENTENMARK = 1000 BILLION MARKS
    - OLD NOTES
      - RECALLED +BURNED
    - QUICKLY ACCEPTED = INFLATION BOUGHT UNDER CONTROL
    - PEOPLE LOST SAVINGS = NOT COMPENSATED
      - FELT CHEATED
      - BLAMED WEIMAR REPUBLIC
  - PERSUADE FRENCH LEAVE RUHR
    - NO MORE PASSIVE RESISTANCE AS DIDN'T WORK = CREATED ECONOMIC ISSUES
      - FRENCH LEAVE
    - UNPOPULAR MOVE = LOT OF OPPOSITION
      - SIGN OF WEAKNESS
      - GIVEN IN TO FRENCH
  - IMPROVE GERMANYS RELATIONSHIP
    - CO-OPERATE WITH COUNTIRES
      - TREATY OF VERSAILES
        RECLAIM LAND LOST
        
        CHANGE TERMS
    - 1925 - LOCARNO PACT
      - FRANCE + BRITAIN + BELGIUM + ITALY
        PROMISE NO INVASIONS ON EACH OTHER
    - 1926 - GERMANY JOIN LEAGUE OF NATIONS
      - GREAT POWER STATUS
        SAY IN BIG DECISIONS
    - GENERALS
      - "BUILD ARMY INSTEAD"
      - REGAIN LAND LOST BY TREATY BY FORCE
  - CONTINUE PAY REPARATIONS
    - 1924 - DAWES PLAN
      - LONGER PERIOD TO PAY ALLIES
      - DIDN'T REDUCE AMOUNT TO PAY
      - "DAWES PLAN = SECOND VERSAILLES"
    - 1929 - YOUNG PLAN
      - LOWERED MONEY AMOUNT
        132,00 MILLION MARKS -> 37,000 MILLION
      - PAYING STILL HATED BY GERMANS
      - PAYING TILL1988
  - HELP REBUILD ECONOMY
    - BIG LOANDS FROM USA - PART OF DAWES PLAN
      - VERY DEPENDENT N USA ECONOMY
        IF PROBLEMS IN USA= BIG EFFECT ON GERMANY
    - MONEY = IMPROVE SCHOOLS , HOUSING , HOSPITALS AND ROADS
    - SOME PENSIONS AND WAGES ROSE
      - NOT FOR EVERYONE
        FARMERS LOST OUT
        FOOD PRICES = LOW
        
        1929 FARMERS = HALF NATIONAL AVERAGE WAGE
        
        ANGRY
        JOIN EXTREME GROUPS
        NAZIS OFFERED TO HELP
        
        UNEMPLOYMENT > 1 MILLION
        1928 = RISE
        
        RICH PEOPLE PAY HIGHER TAXES
        COMPLAINED
        DIDNT LIKE GOVERMENT SPENDING MONEY ON POOR AND UNEMPLOYED
- 1928 - ACHIEVE LITTLE
  - LACKED SUPPORT FROM WORKING CLASS
    - MOST VOTED FOR SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC PARTY
    - WORKERS WANTED SEE CHNAGE
      - VOTE COMMUNISTS INSTEAD
  - LESS THAN 3% VOTED FOR NAZIS
  - 1924 - 1929 = TIME OF PEACE
    - STRESSMANN SOLVED MANY ECONOMIC PROBLEMS
      - PEOPLE PLEASED & DONT WANT BAD CHANGES
        POLITICAL VIOLANCE DECREASED
    - STRESSMANN BUILT BETTER RELATIONSHIPS WITH OTHER COUNTRIES
      - PEOPLE PLEASED & DONT WANT BAD CHANGES
        POLITICAL VIOLANCE DECREASED
  - NAZI IDEAS TOO EXTREME
    - VIOLENT
    - PUT OFF BY
      - ANTI-SEMITIC VIEWS
      - AIM OF INVADING OTHER COUNTRIES
  - MUNICH PUTSCH FAILED INVASION
    - NO AUTHORITY
    - VIOLANT
      - NOT FIT FOR THE JOB
        NO AUTHORITY
        
        NOT ORGANISED
    - NOT ORGANISED
- 1933 - BECOME CHANCELLOR
  - 1929-WALL STREET CRASH
    - PEOPLE LOST CONFIDENCE
      - DON'T INVEST IN USA COMPANIES + BANKS
      - BUSINESSES LOSE LARGER SUMS MONEY
    - USA RECALLS MONEY FROM LOANS
      - GERMANY DEPENDENT ON US LOANS
        DEMANDS FOR GERMAN GOODS DROPS
        
        GERMANS FIRMS GO BANKRUPT
        DEMANDS FOR GERMAN GOODS DROPS
        
        UNEMPLOYMENT RISES + MILLIONS LOSE THEIR JOBS
        MANY GERAMNS FORCED TO LIVE IN POVERTY = LESS MONEY SPEND ON GOODS
        
        GREAT DEPRESSION
        MANY GERAMNS FORCED TO LIVE IN POVERTY = LESS MONEY SPEND ON GOODS
        
        EFFECTS
        PEOPLE STRUGGLING
        BUSINESSES
        BANKRUPT
        
        PROFITS DROP
        
        FARMERS
        
        1932 - UNEMPLOYMENT = 6 MILLION
        
        WEIMAR LOOKED WEAK
        COULDN'T AGREE WHAT TO DO
        
        LESS JOBS = LESS GODS BOUGHT = LESS TAXES MONEY
        
        DID NOTHING
        DIDNT HELP POOR
        THOUGHT WOULD LEAD TO HYPER-INFLATION AGAIN
        
        WHEN ACTED = CUT BACK ON MONEY SPENT
        UNPOPULAR
        
        INCREASE SUPPORT FOR EXTREME PARTIES
        BLAMED DEMOCRATIC WAY WEIMAR GOVERNED
        INCREASE IN NAZI SUPPORT
        
        GREAT DEPRESSION
        EFFECTS
        PEOPLE STRUGGLING
        BUSINESSES
        BANKRUPT
        
        PROFITS DROP
        
        FARMERS
        
        1932 - UNEMPLOYMENT = 6 MILLION
        
        WEIMAR LOOKED WEAK
        COULDN'T AGREE WHAT TO DO
        
        LESS JOBS = LESS GODS BOUGHT = LESS TAXES MONEY
        
        DID NOTHING
        DIDNT HELP POOR
        THOUGHT WOULD LEAD TO HYPER-INFLATION AGAIN
        
        WHEN ACTED = CUT BACK ON MONEY SPENT
        UNPOPULAR
        
        INCREASE SUPPORT FOR EXTREME PARTIES
        BLAMED DEMOCRATIC WAY WEIMAR GOVERNED
        INCREASE IN NAZI SUPPORT
  - OWN ACTIONS
    - LEADERSHIP SKILLS
      - PEOPLE BELIEVED
        HE ALONE = SAVE PROBLEMS GERMANY FACING
        
        CHARISMATIC
        
        POWERFUL PUBLIC SPEAKER
        
        STRONG LEADER
      - AUDIENCE
        HE IDENTIFIED WITH THEM
        
        GIVES HOPE
        
        RELATE TO HIM
        
        UNDERSTANDS THEM
    - ORGANISATION
      - Untitled
    - PROMISES
      - SOLVE ECONOMIC PROBLEMS
      - PROVIDE STRONG LEADER
      - IGNORE TREATY OF VERSAILLES
      - BUILD UP ARMY
      - GERMANY = GREAT COUNTRY AGAIN
      - FLEXIBLE
        POLICY NOT LIKED = DROP IT
    - APPEALED TO EVERYONE
      - BUISNESSMEN
      - FARMERS
      - FACTORY WORKERS
      - HOUSEWIVES
WOLFGANG KAPP
NO MORE PASSIVE RESISTANCE AS DIDN'T WORK = CREATED ECONOMIC ISSUES
- FRENCH LEAVE

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NAZI RISE TO POWER

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