Nazi Germany 1918-39

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  • Nazi Germany 1918-39
    • Stresseman and the Golden Twenties
      • Locarno Pact    - this was where the countries agreed on the new maps and borders.
      • Young Plan - he reduced the £6.6 billion reparations to £2 billion reparations which made it more affordable.
      • Dawes Plan - this was where he agreed to pay back affordable loans to the USA and Germany were given longer to pay back their reparations.
      • League of Nations - Germany were allowed to join.
      • Currency - this was called the Renten mark and was put in place to help Germany with their economical problems after the hyperinflation.
      • Kellog Briand - 66 countries agreed that war wasn't the answer.
    • CHART - Germany 1918-23
      • Attacks from three groups -  separatists tried to take over and they were stopped by ex soldiers called friekhorps. Kapp putsch was stopped by the government who turned off all electricity and water into the city. Munich ( nazis) were told to come back in the morning and arrested.
      • Hyperinflation- germany was broke after the war and printed more notes which lead to a rise in prices.
      • Ruhr Invaded - france wanted their money from germany immediately as they had to pay back the USA. They invaded the ruhr as it was the most industrial part of germany.
      • Constitution of the Weimar Republic - two weaknesses:proportional representation (hard to get 50%) and the german people preferred one leader. Two strengths: everyone over 20 could vote and a new president was elected every 7 years.
      • Treaty of Versailles - land: allsace lorraine given back, lost their colonies,  and poland were allowed access to the sea (polish corridor). Army: 100,000 men, 15,000 sailors, 6 ships and no submarines, planes, tanks.
    • Young People
      • Some opposed the Nazi rule and set up groups. They were called the white rose, edelweiss pirates and the swing youth.
      • Education - boys and girls timetables differed and were designed towards the life they were intended to lead.
      • Hitler Youth - an after school activity which became compulsory which was used to brainwash the children further.
      • Those that differed  - disabled children and jewish children were not entitled to an education.
    • Hitlers rise to power 1933-39
      • Fire at Reichstag -  a young communist was found under the parliament and Hitler arrived at the scene and the communist was arrested he claimed this was the start of the communists trying to take over and demanded energy powers.
      • Elections - the nazi's got 44% in the national elections.
      • Enabling Law - this was a law that allowed Hitler to pass any laws without going through the  government.
      • Trade Unions banned - hitler banned all trade unions so that workers were unable to strike.
      • Opposing parties banned - all other parties were banned therefore the Nazis no longer has any competition.
      • Night of Long Knives - 50 membersof the SA were dragged from their beds during the night and killed to show just how ruthless Hitler was with his power.
      • Death of Hindenburg -the president died of natural causes and Hitler made himself chancellor and president and called himself Fuhrer.
      • Army Oath - Hitler made his army swear to be loyal to him and to do anything to protect him instead of the country.
    • The Nazis used different skills to help them gain powers and popularity.
      • Promises - the nazis made promises to the peopleof germayand told them what they wantedto hear.
      • Leadership Skills - the Nazis showed they were strong leaders and Hitler showed this throughhis great public speaking skills which gained him publicity in his court trial.
      • Organisation - the Nazis showed great organisational skills as they could raise money quickly and had 2 armies.
      • Propaganda - Josef Goebells was in charge of this and he put across the Nazi message through radio, newspapers, posters, tv.
    • There was also outside event that helped the Nazis gain power.
      • Wall Street Crash
      • Fear of Communism
      • Weak Opposition
      • PoliticalDeal - the nazis got 3 seats in parliament.
    • Methods of Terror - Henrich Himmler
      • the **
      • Concentration Csmps
      • Gestapo
      • Police and Courts
    • Women in Nazi Germany
      • Appearance - womencouldntwear make-up, hair dye, their hair had to be tied back, they had to dress in a certain way, etc.
      • Children - women were expected to have as many childrenas possible. They were given a loan for marriage and they had to pay back less the more children they had.
      • Three K's - kitchen,church,children.
    • Employment in Nazi Germany
      • RAD - a programme where men were given food, clothes and a home in order for doing basic tasks such as road building.
      • Re-arm - germany began to re-arm so men were orderedto build  guns and machines as a form of employment.
      • Womenand Jews were taken out of their jobs but were not classesas un-employed.

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