Trends and Causes of Hazards
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?- Created by: Hayley Petts
- Created on: 30-12-12 18:57
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- Natural Hazards
- Trends
- no. reported
- greater interest
- engineers
- jobs
- insurance companies
- hazards aren't increasing
- more becoming disasters
- increased vulnerability
- more becoming disasters
- technology to monitor
- sisometer
- creating of databases
- EMDAT 1988
- media - role in communication
- BBC News
- no. of hydro-meteorological increasing
- increased frequency and intensity of EL Nino and La Nins
- climate change
- global warming
- warmer oceans causes more hurricanes
- more evapouration
- causes more flooding
- greater interest
- economic costs increasing
- hazard prone areas have high insurance costs
- many poor people cannot afford it
- larger economies to destroy
- MEDC may be larger proportion of GDP
- since 1980 -average annual cost of an average hazard has risen from $20-$160 billion
- growing economies of NIC''s
- Hurricane Mitch 1988
- 50% loss in GDP for Nicaragua -more than hurricane Sandy
- hazard prone areas have high insurance costs
- no. of deaths falling
- better disaster management
- better understanding or education
- Japan
- better prediction due to technology
- better prepared
- warning systems
- no, affected increasing
- urbanisation
- population increase
- 2000s over 300 million people affected a year
- increased human vulnerability
- people are more confident to live in hazard prone areas due to technology and good economic benefits
- farming - volcanic soil is very fertile
- tourism
- no. reported
- Causes
- Geophysical
- Eatrthequakes
- All plate boundaries
- Volcanoes
- Destructive
- constructive
- hotspots
- Hawaii
- area of thin crust with usually high heat flow-magma rises to surface as plume
- Landslides
- mountainous areas
- heavy rainfall
- earthquakes
- deforestation
- buildings on hillsides
- Eatrthequakes
- Hydro-meteorological
- tropical storms
- water must be at least 70m in depth
- warm water of 26 degrees or more
- latitudes 5-20 degrees north and south of equator
- to create Coriolis effect
- flooding
- EL Ninio in California and Africa
- depression in temperate climates
- rainfall resulted from cyclones
- rapid snow melt
- excessive rainfall
- Drought
- movement of ITCZ
- moves north and south in Africa bringing bands of seasonal rainfall
- El Nino in Australia and Indonesia
- late arrival or failure of monsoon in China, India-Bangladesh
- blocking anti-cyclones causes depression to teck to further regions
- high pressure zones expand to block rainfall
- movement of ITCZ
- tropical storms
- Geophysical
- Trends
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