Physics - national grid

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  • National grid
    • Electricity production = energy demand
      • Energy demand changes throughout the day.
        • It increases when people get up in the am, come home from work and when it's dark or cold outside.
      • Power stations run well below their max power output so they can cope with high demand when needed.
    • Uses a high pd and a low current
      • High current - lose lots of energy as the wires heat up
      • For a given power, increasing the pd decreases the current which decreases the energy lost by heating the wires
        • This makes the National Grid an efficient way of transferring energy
    • Potential difference
      • Transformers step up the potential difference and then step it back down to safe, usable levels at the other end
      • Potential difference is increased using a step up transformer, then using a step down transformer to reduce it

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