Music For A While

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  • Music For A While
    • BAROQUE PERIOD 1600-1750
    • INSTRUMENTS YOU HEAR
      • The main instruments are strings/harpsichord
    • TEXTURE
      • The texture is polyphonic/contrapuntal which is many independent melody lines.
    • WHAT IS THE GROUND BASS
      • A ground bass is a continuous bass line whilst the melody changes over the top
      • Trills add decoration (ornamentation)- acciaccatura
      • Music is played for nobility
    • CONTEXT
      • Incindental music formed as part of play performing forces
    • WHAT TYPE OF VOICE IS THE SINGER
      • Soprano
    • WHAT IS A BASS VIOL
      • A bass viol is a old cello.
      • The right hand side of the harpsichord is complex due to playing a counter melody and ornamentation
    • ACCOMPIMENT
      • Harpsichord and bass viol
      • To play the ground bass you need the basso continuo (bass viol + harpsichord
    • STRUCTURE
      • Constructed over ground bass continually repeating bass line whilst the melody changes above.
      • The ground bass is sequential which is repeated in succession of different pitches.
      • The first note is Tonic. Moves to Dominant
      • Piece is based on 3 sections
      • Ternary form means 3 sections (ABA)
    • TONEALITY
      • Music for a while is in A minor.
      • The upper ground bass notes ascend chromatically- notes outside the key
    • HARMONY
      • The harpsichord player embellishes the sopranos melody by adding ornamentation
      • F sharp and F normal note are played at the same time= creates dissonance which is called false relation
      • The word that describes the majority of the chords are diatonic
      • The chords are mostly in root position or first inversion chords (3rd note in bass)
      • Cadences:how a phrase or piece of music ends.
      • Cadences on A instead of Am. What is it called? It is how a phrase or piece of music ends.
      • Terce de Picardie- Cadence on a major chord in a minor key.
    • MELODY
      • Conjunct: move in steps
      • Disjunct: leaps in notes
      • The melody is mostly conjunct
      • The melody is disjunct and leaps.The melody is sequential- where a phrase is repeated in a succession of different pitches.
      • The melody spans a range of a 9th.
    • WORD SETTING
      • Syllabic: syllable per pitch
      • Melismnatic: syllable sung over many pitches
      • It is mainly syllabic with some melismatic
      • "Wond'ring"melismatic
      • There is  word painting e.g. "drop" (disjunct) (short note valves)
    • RHYTHM AND METRE
      • Overall tempo- no tempo as it is left down to the performer
      • Time signature is 4/4
      • Rhythmic device used- syncopated-off beat
      • There is no overall tempo marking as this is left up to the performer but on whole it is a slow tempo.
      • The ground bass is presented entirely in Quavers.
    • TEXTURE
      • The right hand harpsichord plays a countermelody
      • Contermelody- more complex version of the melody
      • Polyphonic- many independent melodies
      • Homophonic- same rhythm different pitch
      • Monophonic- single melody line on own
        • The overall texture is melody and accompaniment

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