Multistore Model of Memory
- Created by: zara.mathur
- Created on: 11-02-20 18:28
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- Multistore Model of Memory
- AO1
- Sensory Register
- Coding and Duration: Crowder (1993)
- Retains info in visual store for only a few miliseconds
- 2-3 seconds, auditory store: supports notion that sensory info coded into separate sensory stores
- Capacity: Sperling (1960)
- Flashed 3x4 grid of letters onto the screen for 1/20th of a second
- Asked ps to recall the letters of one row
- Ps recall of letters in the indicated row was high, suggesting info was all there originally
- Coding and Duration: Crowder (1993)
- Short Term Memory
- Capacity: Miller (1956)
- Reviewed research, found capacity to be 7+-2 with 'chunks' being basic unit of STM
- Duration: Peterson^2 (1959)
- Read nonsense trigrams to ps, ps count backwards in 3s varying the periods of time
- 90% trigrams remembered correctly at 3 seconds
- 5% trigrams at 18 seconds
- STM duration between 20-30 seconds
- Encoding: Baddeley (1966)
- 75ps presented with 1 of 4 word lists
- Test STM: original words in wrong order
- Test same for LTM but 20min interval before recall, ps perform other task
- LTM lowest for semantically similar, ps got confused
- LTM coded semantically
- STM recall 10% for acoustically similar
- 75ps presented with 1 of 4 word lists
- Capacity: Miller (1956)
- Long Term Memory
- Duration: Bahrick (1975)
- 400ps shown set of photos and list of names, some familiar, asked to identify old school friends
- 1: recognition, 2: recall
- 1: 67% accurate
- 2: Less than 20% accurate
- Some LTM lasts a lifetime, some info needs cues
- Encoding: Baddeley (1966)
- 75ps presented with 1 of 4 word lists
- Test STM: original words in wrong order
- Test same for LTM but 20min interval before recall, ps perform other task
- LTM lowest for semantically similar, ps got confused
- LTM coded semantically
- STM recall 10% for acoustically similar
- 75ps presented with 1 of 4 word lists
- Duration: Bahrick (1975)
- Summary
- MSM shows unitary stores of SR, STM, LTM
- Info passes from store to store in linear way
- Pay attention to move from SR to STM
- Rehearsal to move from STM to LTM
- SR
- Coding: Sensory
- Duration: Less than a second
- Unlimited in capacity (Sterling)
- STM
- Coding: Acoustically (Baddeley)
- Capacity: 7+-2 (Miller)
- Duration: 18-30secs with rehearsal (Peterson^2)
- LTM
- Coding: Semantically (Baddeley)
- Capacity: Unlimited
- Duration: Lifetime (Bahrick)
- Sensory Register
- AO3
- Murdock: STM and LTM are separate - serial position
- Words at beginning recalled better (primacy) LTM
- Words at end recalled better (recency) STM
- Peterson^2: Lab based
- Ps learn consonant syllables
- Lacks eco val - cannot apply to real life
- Clive Wearing: Amnesic patients
- STM and LTM are unitary (separate) stores
- Lost STM but LTM intact
- STM and LTM are unitary (separate) stores
- Murdock: STM and LTM are separate - serial position
- ATKINSON AND SHIFFRIN (1968)
- AO1
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