Multi Store Model
- Created by: FraserHarold
- Created on: 02-04-14 16:42
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- Multi Store Model
- Sensory Memory // SM
- Capacity: Quite Large
- Every input comes through and is processed or lost
- Duration: Very Brief (0.5 seconds)
- Encoding: Modality Specific
- Info comes in from a sensory organ and is stored as that sense
- Sperling Study
- 12 letters shown on a screen for a very short yet accurate period of time
- Participants asked to recall as many as possible
- Average recall of 4.5 of 12 letters
- Participants asked to recall as many as possible
- 12 letters shown on a screen for a very short yet accurate period of time
- Averbach Study
- Two rows of 8 letters shown on a screen for 0.5 seconds
- One letter had a dot above it
- Recall of letter with dot was 75%
- One letter had a dot above it
- Two rows of 8 letters shown on a screen for 0.5 seconds
- Capacity: Quite Large
- Short Term Memory // STM
- Capacity: 7 ± 2 pieces of info
- 'Magic Number 7'
- Size of the information doesn't matter
- Chunking can increase the capacity
- 'Magic Number 7'
- Duration: Up to 30 seconds
- Rehearsed info can be maintained in the STM
- Peterson and Peterson Study
- STM Duration test
- Participants shown a consonant trigram (eg. NVB)
- Participants asked to recall after 3,6,9,12,15,18 seconds
- Interference task carried about to prevent rehearsal
- 80% recall after 3 seconds.
- 10% recall after 18 seconds
- Interference task carried about to prevent rehearsal
- Participants asked to recall after 3,6,9,12,15,18 seconds
- Encoding: Mainly acoustic
- Baddeley Study
- Encoding: Mainly semantically
- Info has a particular meaning or can be applied to a context
- Using either STM or LTM, participants asked to recall words from 4 conditions
- 1. Acoustically similar
- 2. Acoustically dissimilar
- 3. Semantically similar
- 4. Semantically dissimilar
- STM recall showed acoustically similar words were mistaken
- LTM recall showed semantically similar words were mistaken
- Encoding: Mainly semantically
- Baddeley Study
- Capacity: 7 ± 2 pieces of info
- Long Term Memory // LTM
- Duration: Potentially lifelong
- Encoding: Mainly semantically
- Info has a particular meaning or can be applied to a context
- Milner Study
- STM and LTM Distinction
- Case study of Young man 'HM'
- Underwent brain surgery and gained memory impairments
- Used clinical interviews and memory tests
- Could recall events from before surgery
- STM was found normal
- Unable to retain new information in LTM
- Sensory Memory // SM
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