Outline and Evaluation of the Multi Store Model of Memory
- Created by: emmarhianne
- Created on: 23-02-17 16:06
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- Multi Store Model of Memory (MSM)
- Atkinson and Shiffrin's model is a linear model which explains memory, comprimising of 3 distics separate memory stores and it is proposed that info must pass through each of these stores, to be stored.
- Sensory register
- Several stores; eyes, ears, nose, fingers and tongue
- Constantly receiving info from environment, most receives no attention and remains in the sensory stores for a brief period (200 to 500 millisecond)
- Large capacity, if a person is focused on onr of the sensory stores, then the data is transferred to the STM, attention is the first step in rememebering
- Several stores; eyes, ears, nose, fingers and tongue
- LTM
- If info is sufficiently rehearsed ( through maintenance rehearsal) it is able to pass into LTM
- Unlimited store through semantic encoding
- Info can be forgotten because memory traces can decay, 'new' info causes confusion and interferences with old info or particular cues
- Info in LTM needs to pass back through STM
- Model is too simplistic as research has shown different types of LTM; episodic and procedural
- This therefore challenges the MSM as it suggests that LTM is one single store, which research contradicts
- STM
- Capacity of 5 to 9 items, acoustic code for 18-30 seconds
- Easy to forget things at this stage, information will be lost within 30 seconds unless repeated or rehearsed
- Info is lost is new info comes along and pushes out old info (displacement) or because it fades (decay)
- Criticised for being too simplistic; KF suffered brain damage which affected his STM, they found his recall for digits read allowed was poor but when he read them himself his recall was better.
- Challenges MSM as it shows there are different components to STM; not a single store like the MSM suggests.
- It can be separated into 3 distinct 3 stores: Baddeley found we tend to mix up words that sound similar when using STM and mix up words that have similar meanings in LTM.
- The coding is different, which supports the view that they're separate and independent stores
- The case study of Clive Wearing supports the MSM; had severe from of herpes that caused brain damage and affected his hippocampus
- Lost the ability to from new LTM memories but had a normal functioning STM, he could remember his past prior to his brain damage
- This case study supports the MSM as it suggests STM and LTM are completely separate stores in the brain, which is in line with the MSM.
- Lost the ability to from new LTM memories but had a normal functioning STM, he could remember his past prior to his brain damage
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