Case Study: Mount Etna, 1991-93
- Created by: Brad_ers_B
- Created on: 22-04-15 16:59
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- Mount Etna, 1991-93
- About
- Documented eruptions go back to 1500BC
- Towers over Catania
- Above the convergent margin between African and Eurasian plate
- Prediction
- INGV measure radon gas to detect lava movement
- GPS used to see changes in volcano shape
- Seismometer readings used to measure tremors
- Cause
- Response from the volcano to variations in rising magma
- Changes in structural stability caused by tectonic movement
- Short-term responses
- 1992: Italian authorities built an earth barrier
- Over 400m long, 20m high
- Built to stop lava reaching Zafferana
- Contained lava for a month before overflow
- Explosives used to blast hole in lava tube + Concrete blocks dropped to slow lava via helicopters
- Diversion channel dug + eplosives used to divert lava to adjacent flank
- Lava stopped 850m from Zafferana
- 1992: Italian authorities built an earth barrier
- Long-term responses
- INGV continued to monitor Radon gas, GPS, seismometers
- Police, fire brigade, cival defence, geologists, volcanologist, Army, Red cross called in
- Impacts
- No deaths
- Homes / farms lost
- Springs providing water to Zafferana (8000 people) contaminated
- No fear of future eruptions as diversion channel in place
- Insurance claims
- Vineyards and chestnut orchards destroyed
- About
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