The Mormons (1837-1890)
- Created by: meggiegrace
- Created on: 02-04-18 11:37
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- The Mormons
- Why didn't the Mormons get on with people in the east?
- POLITICAL
- The Mormons had their own army (the Nauvoo Legion)
- Joseph Smith (leader) was planning on running for US President.
- They were allowed to make their own laws in Nauvoo as it was an independent city state.
- RELIGIOUS
- The Mormons were critical of other religions.
- They wanted to convert as many people as possible to Mormonism.
- They thought that they were God's chosen people.
- SOCIAL
- The Mormons opposed slavery.
- They were friendly with the Plains Indians.
- They disapproved of gambling and drinking.
- They believed and practiced polygamy.
- There were 35,000 Mormons in Nauvoo - scared the Gentiles.
- ECONOMICS
- Gentiles lost money after the 1837 Economic Depression and Bank Crash - blamed it on Mormons.
- The Mormons worked hard and were prosperous - led to jealously.
- The Mormons owned businesses
- POLITICAL
- Where did the Mormons try to settle?
- KIRTLAND, OHIO
- The Mormons lived in Kirtland from 1831-37.
- They soon outnumbered gentiles, which led to hate and envy of the Mormons.
- They were chased out of Kirtland when banks collapsed in 1837 and savings were lost. It was blamed on the Mormons.
- INDEPENDENCE, MISSOURI
- They lived in Independence from 1837-38.
- Attempts were made to stop Mormons from voting in elections. Rioters destroyed property and the Mormons were blamed from the trouble.
- Their leaders (inc. Smith) were imprisoned and condemned to death. The Mormons were declared as public enemies and driven from the state.
- NAUVOO, ILLINOIS
- They lived in Nauvoo from 1839-46.
- In 1844, Smith had a revelation from God which said that certain Mormons could practise polygamy.
- In 1844, Smith announced that he would run for US President, which worried gentiles.
- In 1845, Smith was shot dead in jail in Carthage and Brigham Young became the new leader.
- KIRTLAND, OHIO
- Why did the Mormons go west to Salt Lake City?
- Salt Lake City was controlled by Mexico at the time.
- They could practise their religion freely.
- It was large and isolated, making it easy to settle there.
- There was fertile land for farming.
- Travelling and settling in Salt Lake - Problems & their solutions:
- Moving 16,000 Mormons across the Great Plains
- Using a 'Pioneer Band' to clear a path for the rest to follow.
- Setting up rest camps along the Mississippi River and the Plains (Winter Quarters).
- Wagons travelled in double file to protect against possible Indian attack.
- Using a bugle to tell everyone when to get up and when to sleep - meant everyone moved together.
- Division of land in Salt Lake City
- Mormons believed Young was influenced by God and didn't question his decision.
- Divided land based on size of family and jobs.
- Settling the whole of the Territory of Utah
- Set up towns of Carson City and Las Vegas - this gave them more than one base.
- Established settlements where farming was possible.
- Created settlements on the Territory's borders to guard the empire.
- Moving 16,000 Mormons across the Great Plains
- Other problems faced by the Mormons
- The issue of polygamy
- Finally banned by the Mormons in the 1890s so Utah could become a state.
- The US winning the Mexican American War in 1848.
- Young became governor of the Territory of Utah after being refused the new (and larger) state of Deseret.
- Getting more Mormons to come to Utah
- The Perpetual Emigrating Fund was set up so converts from Europe could travel to Utah. Almost 33,000 converts were ready to depart by the end of 1851.
- The Mormon War & The Mountain Meadow Massacre
- THE MORMAN WAR - CAUSES
- Mormons charged high prices for ferries.
- Many feared Young was creating a theocracy.
- Indians were becoming Mormons - worried gentiles.
- THE MOUNTAIN MEADOW MASSACRE
- 150 gentiles were killed by Mormons because the Mormon militia leader didn't want any witnesses.
- 17 children were left and raised as Mormons.
- Only one Mormon was convicted - John Lee in 1877. He was executed.
- The Mormons tried to blame the massacre on the Plains Indians.
- THE MORMAN WAR - CAUSES
- The issue of polygamy
- Why didn't the Mormons get on with people in the east?
- Irrigation of the land
- A main irrigation ditch was built through all the farming land.
- Travelling and settling in Salt Lake - Problems & their solutions:
- Moving 16,000 Mormons across the Great Plains
- Using a 'Pioneer Band' to clear a path for the rest to follow.
- Setting up rest camps along the Mississippi River and the Plains (Winter Quarters).
- Wagons travelled in double file to protect against possible Indian attack.
- Using a bugle to tell everyone when to get up and when to sleep - meant everyone moved together.
- Division of land in Salt Lake City
- Mormons believed Young was influenced by God and didn't question his decision.
- Divided land based on size of family and jobs.
- Settling the whole of the Territory of Utah
- Set up towns of Carson City and Las Vegas - this gave them more than one base.
- Established settlements where farming was possible.
- Created settlements on the Territory's borders to guard the empire.
- Moving 16,000 Mormons across the Great Plains
- Side ditches were built to irrigate the remaining land.
- Each person was given a time slot to irrigate their land.
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