Mood Disorders

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  • Created by: Jess
  • Created on: 26-01-14 11:18
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  • Mood Disorders
    • Unipolar depression
      • experiences a long term state of depression for at least weeks
        • At least 5 symptoms for 2 weeks
      • Symptoms
        • Cognitive - poor concentration and memory
        • Behavioral - social withdrawl
        • Psychological - headaches, lack of sleep
        • Emotional - sadness, guilt
    • Bipolar depression
      • Experiences two different states; mania and depression
        • Must last for weeks at a time
      • Symptoms
        • Emotional - lack of guilt
        • Behavioral - high energy, little sleep
        • Cognitive - irrational decision making
    • Biological Explanation
      • Hormones
        • Excess levels of cortisol which is released from the adrenal glands in stressful situations
        • Depressive episodes continue in the absence of stressful events
      • Genetics
        • Mood disorders tend to run in families and Mz twins are 50% more likely to get it
        • McGuffin- Mz 46% and Dz 20%
      • Biochemicals
        • Seretonin is associated with functions such as sleep, eating, sexual behaviour
          • Low levels of it can cause depression and reduce those functions
      • Evaluation
        • Twin Studies show there isn't 100% concordance so therefore there must be environmental factors
        • With nuerotransmitters and hormones its hard to establish the cause and effect
        • Reductionist to elimainate complex behaviours down the cells and chemicals
        • Deterministic. Can have negative implications on the patients treatment if they think its out of their control they have no free will and will effect recovery
        • Diathesis stress model - may have it but may not experience life events so dont develop the disorder
    • Psychodynamic explanations
      • Experience of rejection and desertion during the oral stage of development - regression
      • Anger becomes self directed and experience guilt
      • This self punishment is called Introjection of hostility
      • Bolby's attachment theory - poor attachment to parents so seeks approval to compensate for rejection
      • The role of the personality - superego feels guilty in the depressive stage and ego in the manic
      • Evaluation
        • unscientific as all in early childhood which we cant directly test
        • early theories have led to successful treatments
    • Cognitive explanations
      • they think in negative self defeating ways
      • Informational processing
        • Overgeneralisation - think if one things bad then everything is bad
        • Selective perception - only viewing the bad
        • Magnification - blowing things out of proportion
      • Becks Cognitive Traid
        • The self, Future and experiences
        • Eg. Lack of motivation could come from pessimism and heplessness
      • Evaluation
        • Cause and effect of irrational thoughts and abnormality
        • Unscientific as you cant directly observe

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