Moments and Torques

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  • Moments and Torques
    • A couple is a pair of forces
      • Equal size and parallel but in opposite directions
        • Doesn't cause any resultant linear force but produces a turning force
          • The size of this torque depends on size of forces and distance between them
  • Torque of a couple=size of one of the forces.perpedicular distance between the forces: T=F.d
  • Example: a cyclist turns a sharp right corner by applying equal but opposite forces of 20N to the ends of the handlebars. The length of the handlebars is 0.6m. Calculate the torque applied to the handlebars. Torque=F.d=20x0.6=12Nm
    • Moment=force.Perpendicular distance=54x0.84=45.36Nm
      • In equilibrium: sum of clockwise moments=sum of anticlockwise moments: 40x1.5=50y so y=60/50=1.2m
  • If F=65N and d=0.2, T=65x0.2=13Nm
    • T=60Nm, Fx0.4=60, F=150N
      • m=60kg, 60x2x9.81=0.3F, F=1177.2/0.3=3924N. Tension in spring=weight of diver.
        • Moments explain why using wheelbarrows is easier than lifting and why wrenches are better at unscrewing than fingers and why things topple over.

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