MITOSIS AQA BIOLOGY A LEVEL/AS

EVERYTHING you need to know about mitosis for AQA BIOLOGY A-LEVEL/AS

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  • MITOSIS
    • INTERPHASE
      • Cell continues to carry out normal functions
      • Cell DNA Replication
      • Organelles replicate
      • ATP content is increased (ATP provides the energy needed for cell division)
    • PROPHASE
      • Chromosomes get shorter and fatter
      • Tiny bundles of proteins called centrioles start moving to opposite ends of cell - They form a network of fibres called a spindle
      • The nuclear membrane breaks down and the chromosomes lie free in the cytoplasm
    • METAPHASE
      • Chromosomes are made of two chromatids joined by a centromere
      • Spindle apparatus pulls the chromosomes by their centromeres to line up along the equator of the cell.
    • ANAPHASE
      • Centromeres divide and spindle fibre pull the chromatids apart
      • The energy for this process is provided by the mitochondria
    • TELOPHASE
      • Chromosomes reach the poles
      • Chromosomes get longer and thinner
      • spindle fibres disappear and nuclear envelope and nucleolus re-form
      • CYTOKINESIS
        • cytoplasm divides

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