Milgram Evaluation (A03)
- Created by: MollyL20
- Created on: 22-09-20 13:02
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- Milgram- Evaluation
- Low internal validity- weakness
- Orne and Holland (1968) argued that the participants knew the shocks weren't real
- Gina Perry confirms this (2013). She listened to the tapes recorded by Milgram and many reported their doubts about the shocks
- Sheridan and King (1972) conducted a similar experiment with puppies 54% males and 100% females delivered fatal shocks
- Suggests the effects of Milgram's study was real. Also 70% of participants after the experiment also said that they believed the shocks were real
- Orne and Holland (1968) argued that the participants knew the shocks weren't real
- Good external validity-strength
- The central feature was the relationship between the authority figure and the participant
- Milgram argued that the use of a lab accurately reflects the wider authority relationships in life
- Hofling et al support this, he studies nurses on a hospital ward and found that the levels of obedience to unjustified to demands by the doctors were very high
- 21 out of 22 nurses obeyed the orders of the doctor
- The central feature was the relationship between the authority figure and the participant
- Ethical Issues
- Deception
- The participants thought the were shocking someone and were unaware that both of the other participants were confederates
- Milgram argued that 'illusion is used when necessary in order to set the strange for the revelation of certain difficult to get at truths'
- In the interview after the experiment only 1.3% of participants said that they would have rather not to have taken part
- Protection of participants
- Participants were exposed to very stressful situations that may have had some psychological damage
- Milgram argued that they were all short term effects and once they were debriefed, the their stress levels decreased
- He also interviewed everyone a year after the experiment and most agreed that they were happy that they took part
- Right to withdraw
- The BPS states that there should be a clear right to withdraw at all times
- Four verbal prods were given which may have put off the participants off putting them from withdrawing
- Milgram argued that the prods were needed as the study was about obedience
- He also argued that although it was hard to withdraw, 35% still had withdrawn during the experiment
- Milgram argued that the prods were needed as the study was about obedience
- Deception
- Low internal validity- weakness
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