Meta-Ethics Mindmap
- Created by: Rhianna
- Created on: 17-05-13 16:24
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- Meta-Ethics
- Cognitivism
- Non-Cognitivism
- Intuitionism
- Ethical Naturalism
- factual can be proved true or false.
- look at the evidence to see whether true or false.
- e.g. euthanasia
- Theory that we can have ethical knowledge
- Ethical statements are about facts
- Ethical Naturalism
- factual can be proved true or false.
- look at the evidence to see whether true or false.
- e.g. euthanasia
- A.J. Ayer
- Ethical statements do not only express feeling but 'arouse feeling and so to stimulate action.'
- Analytic
- Ethical statements not verifiable.
- Theory that we can have ethical knowledge
- Ethical statements are about facts
- Ethical statements can be proved true or false
- Cognitivism
- Non-Cognitivism
- Intuitionism
- Cognitivism
- Look at evidence
- Saying that moral statements can be verified or falsified.
- Open question technique
- G.E.MOORE
- Criticisms. :(
- Naturalistic fallacy
- Saying that moral statements can be verified or falsified.
- Attempt to identify goodness with a natural property is a mistake.
- Criticisms. :(
- G.E.MOORE
- We use our 'moral intuition' to see whether something is good.
- Not senses.
- Moore
- Goodness cannot be defined.
- We recognise good when we see it.
- Compares good to yellow.
- Two types of thinking
- reason
- intuition
- Show which particular action is right and where moral obligation lies.
- intuition
- Prichard
- reason
- Some have developed their moral thinking further than others.
- Morals are different
- Prichard
- Prichard
- Morals are different
- Prima facie duties
- Certain duties we recognise in any situation
- Duties of gratitude
- When these conflict we have to choose which we think is right
- Criticisms
- How can we be sure our intuitions are correct?
- People come to different conclusions.
- Moore does not conclusively prove that we intuitively know what good is
- He just asserts it.
- How can we be sure our intuitions are correct?
- Criticisms
- W.D. Ross
- Moore does not conclusively prove that we intuitively know what good is
- He just asserts it.
- Intuitions seem to come from social and cultural backgrounds so how can these be a reliable guide to objective truths?
- Criticisms
- How can we be sure our intuitions are correct?
- People come to different conclusions.
- How can we be sure our intuitions are correct?
- Criticisms
- Ethical statements are not the kind of statements that can be true or false.
- No ethical knowledge
- A.J. Ayer
- Ethical statements do not only express feeling but 'arouse feeling and so to stimulate action.'
- Analytic
- Ethical statements not verifiable.
- A.J. Ayer
- No ethical knowledge
- Statements of approval or disapproval
- 'Good' 'bad'
- 'Good' 'bad'
- emotive and descriptive
- Emotive meaning of words.
- C.L. Stevenson
- Not only venting feelings but trying to influence others.
- C.L. Stevenson
- Emotive meaning of words.
- Judgements appeal to reason, not just expressions of feeling.
- Rachels
- Criticisms
- Emotivism
- C.L. Stevenson
- Not only venting feelings but trying to influence others.
- C.L. Stevenson
- Emotivism
- Criticisms
- Rachels
- Moral because they are universal.
- Say what ought to be done.
- Hare
- Prescriptivism
- Emotivism
- Emotivism
- I'm not going to do 'x' and I don't think you ought to either.
- Achieve consistency.
- Hare
- Prescriptivism
- I'm not going to do 'x' and I don't think you ought to either.
- Achieve consistency.
- Achieve consistency.
- We are saying something is wrong because we would not prescribe it for ourselves.
- Prescriptivism
- Hare
- Achieve consistency.
- We are saying something is wrong because we would not prescribe it for ourselves.
- Prescriptivism
- Hare
- Say what ought to be done.
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