Meta-ethics mindmap
- Created by: gemshort
- Created on: 05-01-18 10:04
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- Meta-ethics
- Ethical naturalism
- Ethical terms can be defined using the same 'natural' terms that we would use to define maths or science
- Morals could be based on the same kind of observation of the natural world as used in scientiic observation
- Naturalists come to their ethical conclusions using non-ethical evidence
- i.e. in the case of hedonists, pleasure is the non-ethical element
- F.H. Bradley - a moral perspective was determined from self-realisation and observing one's position in a society
- 'Know your station and its duty'
- Intuitionism
- G.E. Moore and the naturalistic fallacy
- Good is indefinable - it is a simple idea like 'yellow'
- You cannot use a non-moral premise to establish a moral conclusion
- H.A. Prichard
- Moral obligation presents itself directly to our intuition
- Not all people can intuit moral truth because some people have clearer moral intuitions than others
- W.D. Ross
- Goodness cannot be defined in natural terms and moral principles cannot be absolute
- Developed prima facie duties - in a moral dilemma, the duties we have are apparent
- Seven prima facie duties: promise keeping, reparation for harm, gratitude, justice, beneficence, self-improvement and non-malevolence
- G.E. Moore and the naturalistic fallacy
- Emotivism and prescriptivism
- A.J. Ayer (emotivism)
- Meaningful statements must be verified synthetically or analytically
- Moral arguments serve no real purpose because they are an expression of feeling
- C.L. Stevenson (emotivism)
- Moral judgements contain two elements: an expression of an attitude based on belief and a persuasive element which seeks to influence others
- A.J. Ayer (emotivism)
- Ethical naturalism
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