Psycholgy specification A- AS Unit 1 Memory whole topic
- Created by: Jamie Sims
- Created on: 07-05-14 17:00
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- Memory- AS Level Psychology
- Models Of Memory
- Multi-Store Model
- Sensory Memory--> STM--> LTM
- Transfers from Sensory to STM through Attention.
- Transfers from STM to LTM through Rehearsal
- SOMETIMES info rehearsed but not remembered. Sometimes only happens once and is.
- Reductionist. Suggests only one store for STM and One Store for LTM - been disproved by brain damaged patients like KF.
- Supported by Primacy Recency Effect.
- Korsakoff's Syndrome - Unaffected STM but affected LTM -Shows different stores
- Working Memory Model
- CENTRAL EXECUTIVE
- Manages the Daughter Cells and where information goes.
- Articulatory Phonological Loop
- Acts as the minds inner ear and inner voice. Auditory Store
- Visuo Spatial Sketchpad
- Inner sketchpad, visual. often used for arithmetic.
- Episodic Buffer
- Relays Information Between Central Executive and two daughter Stores.
- KF was brain damaged, affected visual, unaffected verbal.
- CENTRAL EXECUTIVE
- Multi-Store Model
- Eye Witness Testimonies
- Age
- Valentine and Coxon
- 3 groups -Children, Young Adults and Elderly
- Watched video of kidnapping
- Then asked series of leading and non leading questions
- Children and Elderly gave most amount of inaccurate information to non leading questions
- Children most easily led
- Valentine and Coxon
- Anxiety
- Loftus
- two groups - independent measures
- Both over heard a converssation happening in a room with closed doors
- First condition man waalked out with a pen and greasy hands, second condition man walked out with a knife and blood on his hands.
- Condition 1 49% accurate identifying man
- Condition two only 33% accurate dentifying man
- Loftus
- Leading Questions
- Loftus and Palmer
- hit, bumped, contacted, collided smashed
- Highest estimated speed with smashed.
- Did the glass break? - Smashed: Yes Contacte: No.
- Loftus and Palmer
- Cognitive interview
- Developed by Gieselman to increase the accuracy of EWT
- Process
- Witness feels relaxed and language tailored to individual
- Asked to recreate environmental and internal context
- Asked to reall EVERYTHING no matter how insignificant it might seem
- Asked to change the order of events
- asked to change the perspective
- Interviewer avoids any judgemental and personal comments
- Gieselman (1986)
- Process
- Developed by Gieselman to increase the accuracy of EWT
- Age
- Mneumonics
- Method of Loci.
- Peg-Word Technique
- Accrostics
- Narrative-Story
- Bower and Clark (1969)
- Synoptic link - links with information reaching LTM through rehearsal.
- STM and LTM
- STM
- DURATION
- 18-30 seconds
- Peterson and Peterson-Trigrams
- 18-30 seconds
- ENCODING
- Accoustically
- Baddeley - Accoustically simmilar words better remembered than accoustic in Short Term.
- Accoustically
- CAPACITY
- 7+/-2 items
- Jacobs (1887) - Letter/digits strings.
- 7+/-2 items
- DURATION
- LTM
- ENCODING
- Semantically
- Baddeley - Semantically linked words more easily remembered after 20 minutes
- Semantically
- DURATION
- Up to a lifetime.
- Bahrick - Ex classmates
- Up to a lifetime.
- CAPACITY
- Unlimited
- ENCODING
- STM
- Models Of Memory
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