MEMORY - Types of long-term memory
- Created by: EmilyEther
- Created on: 03-03-19 16:10
View mindmap
- Types of long-term memory
- Types of memory
- explicit (unconscious)
- episodic
- semantic
- implicit (unconscious)
- procedural
- explicit (unconscious)
- Episodic memory
- specific personal events and their context eg. birthdays
- strength of the memory influenced by emotions felt at the time the memory was coded
- helps individs to distinguish between real and imagined memories
- brain areas
- prefrontal cortex associated with initial coding of episodic memory
- neocortex associated with strenghtening of memory
- different events located in different visual, auditory etc areas of brain but connected in hippocampus
- HERLITZ - Swedish females performed better on tasks requiring episodic memories than males
- Evaluation (A03)
- unclear how far the episodic and semantic memory systems differ
- episodic memory may differ from semantic memory in terms of diff types of thinking and emotion
- episodic = conscious awareness of events and emotions related to them
- semantic = objective analysis of phenomena
- Semantic memory
- LTM for meanings, understandings and other concept based knowledge
- contains all knowledge (facts, meanings etc) but not where they where learnt
- strength of memory is dependent of amount of processing done at coding
- sem mems are more sustained over time than ep mems
- brain areas
- coding done in frontal and temporal lobes
- disagreement: some think hippocampus , others think usage of several brain areas
- VICARI - CL, an 8 yr old with brain damage couldn't create new ep mems but could recall sem ones. Suggests ep and sem mems use diff brain areas
- Evaluation (A03)
- sem mem may involve a network of associated links in diff brain areas. Some links may be easier to access, so some memories may be easier to recall than others
- brain damage cases support -> diff areas of the brain have diff mem abilities
- Procedural memory
- LTM for the performance of an action with little conscious thought eg. riding a bike
- many pro mems occur in early life involving learning of important motor skills: walking dressing etc
- involved in language - helps people speak automatically and using grammar without thinking
- brain areas
- neocortex brain areas and doesn't need hippocampus to function
- FINKE - brain damage case, PM, damaged his episodic and semantic mem, but could still rread and play music
- Evaluation (A03)
- lack of research to determine brain areas associated with pro mem
- pro mems take longer to learn than explicit mem. May be due to pro mem requiring motor and spatial abilities
- Types of memory
Comments
No comments have yet been made