History, medecine in C18th and C19th
- Created by: Whitechoc10001
- Created on: 28-05-19 14:54
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- medicine in C18th and C19th
- cause of disease
- some people thought miasma caused disease
- spontaneous generation (decay caused disease)
- germ theory (microbes in the air caused disease)
- 1661-Louis Pasteur said spontaneous generation was wrong
- also said that germs caused disease but coulldn't prove it
- Robert Koch proved him right
- discovered microbe that caused TB in 1882
- discovered microbe that caused cholera in 1883
- Koch developed a method to stain bacteria
- other scientists could identify microbes
- Robert Koch proved him right
- also said that germs caused disease but coulldn't prove it
- 1661-Louis Pasteur said spontaneous generation was wrong
- prevention
- public health act 1875
- people realised that the government should change their laissez-faire attitude due to epidemics
- authorities must provide: clean water, sewers, public toilets, street lighting and public parks
- authorities must incpect lodgings for cleanliness, monitor building new houses, check quality of food in shops and employ a public officer of health
- vaccinations
- Jenner created the 1st vaccination
- he noticed his patients that got cow pox didn't get small pox
- he gave people cow pox, then small pox. no one was infected.
- 1798- royal society refused to publish his theory so he paid to get it printed
- by 1800, 100,000 people had been vaccinated
- 1802- Royal Jennerian society set up, 1804- 12,000 british people had been vaccinated
- 1840- vaccinations are free, 1853- vaccinations are compulsory
- 1802- Royal Jennerian society set up, 1804- 12,000 british people had been vaccinated
- by 1800, 100,000 people had been vaccinated
- he noticed his patients that got cow pox didn't get small pox
- Pasteur's team discovered that weakened microbes can cause immunity
- discovery was called vaccination in tribute to Jenner
- Jenner created the 1st vaccination
- public health act 1875
- treatment in hospitals
- Florence Nightingale
- transformed public opinion of nurses
- emphasised cleanliness in hospitals
- created specialist hospitals
- surgery
- 3 main problems were pain, blood loss and infection.
- anaesthetics
- 1844- laughing gas was used but it wasn't great
- from 1846- ether was used but made patients cough and be sick.
- 1847- James Simpson discovered Chloroform whch was good but easy to overdose
- 1884- cocaine was used and in 1905, a less addictive version (novocaine) was used
- antiseptics
- 1864- Joseph Lister discovers that carbolic acid kills microbes
- 1865- he soaks bandages in acid to prevent infection
- 1866- he uses acid to clean wounds, equipment and the air
- 1865- he soaks bandages in acid to prevent infection
- 1864- Joseph Lister discovers that carbolic acid kills microbes
- Florence Nightingale
- case study: Cholera 1854
- they couldn't treat it so people just died
- most people thought it was caused by miasma so people cleaned houses
- John Snow
- thought that cholera was caused by dirty water not miasma
- when cholera broke out, he saw a connection to broad street pump.
- Snow removed the pump and deaths stopped
- it was discovered that a cesspit had leaked into broad street pump water supply
- Snow removed the pump and deaths stopped
- cause of disease
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