Medicine in 18th and 19th century Britain

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  • Medicine in 18th and 19th Century Britain - Key people
    • Louis Pasteur (French)
      • Published Germ Theory in 1861
      • Identified that germs caused disease and illness
      • Unable to to identify specific germs
        • People didn't believe Germ theory initially
    • Robert Koch (German)
      • used dye to identify microbes
      • Took time for his work to be widely accepted
      • identified anthrax spores (1876), and the bacteria that caused septicaemia (1878), tuberculosis (1882) and cholera (1883)
    • Florence Nightingale (British)
      • Published 'Notes on nursing' in 1859
      • Improved conditions in hospitals - made sure they were clean and hygienic
      • Nursed at hospitals in Crimean war
    • James Simpson
      • discovered effects of chloroform as anaesthetic
    • Joseph Lister
      • Used carbolic acid in surgeries for first time (1865)
      • Start of antiseptic surgery - reducing infection risk
    • Edward Jenner (British)
      • published findings on vaccination for smallpox in 1796
      • Vaccination not compulsory until 1852
      • heard that milk maids who caught cowpox didn't catch small pox
        • In 1769 his tested this on a small boy, injected him with pus from cowpox then weeks later with small pox, the boy didn't catch small pox
    • John Snow (British)
      • Discovered cause of cholera was unclean water in 1848
      • Discovered Broad street pump was Cholera
      • Government refused to pay for improvements

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