Marxism
- Created by: Alicia_dore
- Created on: 02-10-19 17:20
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- Marxism
- Key points
- structural theory - has a macro approach that looks at the whole of society and sees people as moulded and shaped to become the products of society
- conflict theory - based on disagreement in society and sees conflict as the main feature of society. society is divided into a weaker group and a powerful group
- Based on the views of Karl Marx
- Main beliefs
- society was divided by social class into two groups; the bourgeoisie and the proletariat
- we live in a capitalist society - an economic system where all of the means of production are privately owned and sold for profits
- the relationship between the classes is unequal
- they rely on each other for survival
- Marx believed capitalism would end by the proletariat starting a revolution against the bourgeoisie and taking over the MOP resulting in a communist society
- Proletariat
- exploited by the bourgeoisie by being paid unfair wages
- dont own anything so they sell their labour to earn money to survive
- they are unaware of being exploited - in a state of FCC
- they have been socialised into RCI - norms and beliefs and values that only benefit the bourgeoisie and capitalism
- they are socialised into capitalist norms and values because the bourgeoisie also control the superstructure
- Marx believed they would rebel against the ruling class in the form of a revolution
- socialised into believing; work hard, good people work, dont rebel, obey the rules, follow orders
- Bourgeoisie
- the ruling and more powerful class in society
- Owned all of the means of production; factories, land, raw materials, machinery
- exploited the bourgeoisie by paying them unfair wages
- Socialised the proletariat into RCI by controlling the superstructure of society
- relies on the subject class to work for them because they had no intention of working themselves
- Owns the economic base which shapes society
- Structure of society
- the two parts of society are the economic base (MOP) and the superstructure (institutions)
- the economic base represents capitalism and shapes the rest of society creating the superstructure
- the superstructure socialises people into RCI and FCC making them become ideal workers for the Bourgeoisie
- the proletariat work for the bourgeoisie because they need the money and they live by RCI
- the proletariat carry on working which maintains the economic base and superstructure
- strengths
- we live in a capitalist society
- people today are still stuck in dead end jobs that alienates them from exhaustion
- people can be pressured into certain jobs which they dont like
- Lack of job satisfaction for many people
- there has been many examples of exploitation in the work place all over the world and it still happens in other countries
- there are higher levels of competition for certain jobs
- many zero hour contracts today
- people might not have the right skills for certain jobs
- there aren't enough jobs to go round
- Weaknesses
- Many people are self employed therefore they aren't ruled over by anyone
- Society isn't as harsh as when Marx was alive - welfare system
- we aren't forced to work
- we have laws and workers rights and minimum wage
- businesses want to treat workers well so it doesn't damage their image and to give them good publicity
- we have highly varied jobs in society today
- we have trade unions
- Key points
- Proletariat - suffering
- False class consciousness- the proletariat are unaware that they are being exploited because the institutions of society socialise them into RCI
- Becoming aware of their exploitation would lead to class consciousness
- Polarisation - the relationship between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat moving further away from each other because of the rich getting richer and the poor getting poorer
- alienation - a large sense of exclusion and separation. caused because their work made them physically and mentally exhausted. caused by lack of control of work and long tedious hours of labour
- Mind control - the method used by the bourgeoisie in order to make them comply with their capitalist norms and values and RCI
- Ruling class Ideology - a set of beliefs that only benefit the capitalist system and the bourgeoisie
- Proletariat
- exploited by the bourgeoisie by being paid unfair wages
- dont own anything so they sell their labour to earn money to survive
- they are unaware of being exploited - in a state of FCC
- they have been socialised into RCI - norms and beliefs and values that only benefit the bourgeoisie and capitalism
- they are socialised into capitalist norms and values because the bourgeoisie also control the superstructure
- Marx believed they would rebel against the ruling class in the form of a revolution
- socialised into believing; work hard, good people work, dont rebel, obey the rules, follow orders
- False class consciousness- the proletariat are unaware that they are being exploited because the institutions of society socialise them into RCI
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