Marxism

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  • Created by: Moesha16
  • Created on: 31-05-18 19:50
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  • Marxism
    • Ideas
      • Historical materialism
        • humans have material needs - must work to meet them = use forces of production
          • Forces create class division
          • Unaided labour but developed tools to help production
            • Forces create class division
      • Class Society & Explotiation
        • Earliest stage - shared no classes = primitive communism
          • Class society - one class own means of production + exploits labour = control surplus product
      • Capitalism
        • Bouergeoise vs. proletariat (free) but have to sell their labour to owners to survive with wages = unequal bc surplus product
          • Produces class polarisation - minority capitalist majority wc
            • Concentration of power in hands of big corporations so can drive small companies down
              • Bouergeoise vs. proletariat (free) but have to sell their labour to owners to survive with wages = unequal bc surplus product
                • Produces class polarisation - minority capitalist majority wc
                  • Concentration of power in hands of big corporations so can drive small companies down
        • Class consciousness
          • Poor can gain class consciousness to fight capitalism
        • Alienation
          • Workers separated from production + reduced unskilled labour = meaningless task
        • State, Revolution & communism
          • RC use state as weapon to prevent revolution
            • Proletarian revolution will be first majority against minority = classless society + production to satisfy human needs
      • Idea of class inequality simplistic (divisions)/ Whay about gender?
        • Humans can bring change thorugh free will e.g. Calvinism
          • Althusser: over-determination will cause system to collapse
      • Gramsci & Hegemony (Humanistic Marxism)
        • Hegemony - ideological + moral leadership in society which is how r/c maintain their rule
          • WC need to develop counter-hegemony to win leadership of society
          • Coercion + hegomony
        • Rejects economic determinism as explanation for change
        • Why is the RC Hegemony never complete?
          • Ruling class minority - need to make power bloc by making alliances = ideological compromises
            • Proletariat  have dual consciousness - life exp means see through rc ideology
              • Win ideological leadership by producing own 'organic intellectuals' who can offer new version of how society should be organised
        • Right to stress consciousness in resisting domination e.g. wills lads
          • under emphasis eco factors
      • Althusser's Structuralist Marxism
        • Favours structural determinism - society has 3 levels
          • Economic, political and ideological
            • Has relative autonomy from eco level
          • Ignores w/c can change society
        • State performs ISA & RSA to ensure reproduction of capitalism
    • 2 types of Marxism
      • Humanistic
        • Free will = change
        • Politcical action = overthrow capitalism
      • Scientific
        • Marxism is a science
        • No free will + choice

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