African Americans Marcus Garvey (individual)
- Created by: Alasdair
- Created on: 07-05-17 16:00
View mindmap
- Marcus Garvey (individual)
- Marcus Moziah Garvey
- Born in Jamaica
- Politically radicalised by support for printers' strike when he was an apprentice
- Travelled in central America and studied in London
- Universal ***** Improvement Association (UNIA)
- In Jamaica
- 1912
- Corresponded with Booker T. Washington
- Wanted to set up industrial institute in Jamaica
- Black Star Line
- 1916
- Set up in USA whilst there to raise funds
- Strong believer in pan-Africanism and separate African state
- Like Washington, saw importance of economic development and set up ***** Factories Corporation to promote manufacture and trade among Africans
- Speeches drew large crowds and stressed proud African traditions and inherent strength and worth of Africans.
- Claimed UNIA had 4 million members, making it largest of organisations
- Opposed by Du Bois, thought effort should be focused on equal rights within USA and attempting to integrate African Americans and secure justice and equality for them - not stressing a separate identity
- Commercial schemes collapsed, accused of and imprisoned for fraud.
- Returned to Jamaica and later planned scheme whereby 12 million AAs would be taken back to Liberia, state established for former slaves on west coast of Africa.
- This came to nothing and died in London in 1940
- Following should be factored in when considering impact of Garvey on civil rights:
- Garvey's slogan 'African for the Africans at home and abroad' and his glorification of Africanism in some ways prefigured Black Power, but his eccentricity makes him a lone figure.
- Claimed God' and Jesus were black and set himself up as President of Africa with sort of Napoleonic aristocracy of dukes, ceremonies and parades.
- He collected sum of $10m and attracted very large amounts of support
- Because economic ventures failed, and because of his imprisonment and later schemes, he had been seen as an isolated and bizarre figure, but this was not view of many contemporaries
- His organisation was not matched by anything before 1919 and not again until mass movements of 1960s
Comments
No comments have yet been made