Types of Malware

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  • Malware
    • Adware
      • Generates revenue for its developer by automatically generating online adverts
      • May be designed to analyze the users location and which sites they visit to present accurate advertising
      • Almost all commercial antivirus software currently detect adware and spyware
    • Spyware
      • Gathers information about a person or organisation without their knowledge
      • May send information to another entity without their consent
      • Presence is hidden from the user and can be difficult to deteccy
      • Often used for marketing
      • Keylogging is a type of spyware
    • Bot
      • Can be used for both good and malicious intent
      • Self-propogating malware
      • Designed to infect a host and connect back to a central server or servers
    • Bug
    • Ransomware
      • Threatens to publish the victims data or block access it unless a ransom is paid
      • Typically carried out using a trojan disguised as a legitimate file
      • Tricked into downloading or opening when it arrives as an email attachment
    • Rootkit
    • Rootkit
    • Trojan
      • Rare to get a trojan by just visiting a website but it can happen
      • Pretends to do something but in reality does something else
      • Does something like allow a stranger to access a computer, change and read its information
      • Spyware is an example of a trojan
      • Usually attached to something downloaded, especially .exe files
    • Virus
    • Worm
    • Backdoors
      • A hidden method of bypassing normal authentication or encryption
      • Often used for securing remote access to a computer
      • Default passwords can function as backdoors if they are not changed
      • Some backdoors are deliberately installed
    • Keyloggers
      • Monitors and logs every keystroke it can identify
      • Some can refrain from recording until a certain activity is registered
    • Rogue Security Software
    • Browser Hijacker
    • Scareware
      • Uses social engineering to cause shock, anxiety, or perception of a threat
      • Attempt at manipulating users to buy unwanted software
      • Ransomware is a type of scareware
      • Scareware can also be use of unanticipated shocking images, sound or video

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