Malaysia Rain Forest Case Study

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  • Deforestation
    • Malaysia Case Study
      • Sustainable Mangment
        • Five aims in 1977
          • Increase public awareness of Forests
          • Encourage alternative timber souces
          • Increase research into Forestry
          • Develop the timber processing to increase profitability of exported wood
          • Involve local communities in forest projects
        • Actions
          • Selective Logging
            • Only fully grown or inferior trees are cu down.
              • This is less damages to the forest and doesn't change the overall forest structure
                • The least damaging form is tree logging use in the Malaysian state of Sarawak
            • There is also Afforestation were tre are cut down and replaced by new trees to maintain the canopy
          • National Parks have been set up to stop development and protect arears of the Forest
          • Eco Tourism has been set up to let people explore the Rain Forest without harming it
            • Eco Tourism also provides money for local peoples they can work as tour guides, hotel manemers and hold other ativities. It also lets them keep their culture.
    • Impact
      • Contribution to climate change
        • Tree reduce Co2 through photosythesis and when burned produce Co2
          • Reducing the amount of trees through deforestation negatively affects climate change as they don't remove Co2 from the atmosphere
      • Soil erosion and river sedimentation
        • Tree roots hold soil together, without these soil is unstable
          • This means heavy rain washes soil away (soil erosion) causing landslides and flooding
      • Impact on (Biodiversity)
        • A large majority of animals habitats have been destroyed (over 25%) leading to extinction or being in danger of extinction..
        • Not having a tree canopy means tree's don't intercept rainfall and roots don't absorb it.
          • This means water reaches the soil reducing soil feritity and washing soil  away, out of the reach of plant
            • This reduces the number of plants as competition and space for fertile soil goes up
      • Economic
        • Livelihood of some people is destroyed as loss of animals and plants which they require to live are also destroyed.
        • Malaysia profits as they get a lot of new exports from timber, rubber and palm oil.
          • This also creates a lot of new jobs for people.
    • Causes
      • Logging
        • Tress are felled to make many. Now they practise Selective logging
          • Selective logging is were only fully grown trees are cut down.
      • Population Presure
        • Many poor people were encouraged by the movement to move to the country side and start plantations
          • This lead to the clearing of forest land for new settlements and plantations.
      • Subsistence Farming
        • Land is cleared so local farmers can grow food for themselves
          • Slash and Burn is when a area of forest is cleared and remaining vegetation is burnt to produce fertile soil for crops
      • Mineral Extraction (mining)
        • Roads have been made for transportation of minerals and drilling has begun.
      • Commercial Farming (Palm Oil)
        • Malaysia is a very large exporter of Palm Oil. Lots of land is cleared for plantations.
      • Energy Development (Bakun Dam)
        • Large arears of Forest re flooded to make room for building hydro-electric dams, such as the Bakun Dam
    • Rate
      • In 1985 73% of Malaysia was forest. In 2010 44.4% was Forest. By 2020, 32.6% will be Forest.
        • A rapid change doesn't give Biotic life time to adapt to new conditions and leads to endangerment of the animal.
          • Malaysia also has the highest percentage loss of Forrest in the world.
      • Fastest in the world

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