Chapter 2 - Major Parts of the Digestive System
- Created by: Chloe
- Created on: 18-03-14 14:11
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- Major Parts of the Digestive System
- Oesophagus
- Carries food from the mouth to the stomach
- Adapted for transport not digestion or absorption
- Made up of a thick muscular wall
- Stomach
- A muscular sac with an inner layer that produces enzymes
- Its role is to store and digest, especially proteins
- It has glands that produce enzymes which digest proteins
- Small Intestine
- A long muscular tube
- Food is further digested here by the enzymes that are produced by its walls and by glands that pour their secretions into it
- The surface area of these villi is further increased by millions of tiny projections, called microvilli on the epithelial cells of each villus
- The inner walls of the small intestine are folded inot villi which gives them a large S.A.
- Large Intestine
- Absorbs water
- Most of the water that is reabsorbed comes from the secretions of the many digestive glands
- The food withihn the large intestine therefore becomes drier and thicker in consistancy and form faeces
- Rectum
- Final section of the intestines
- The faeces are stored here here before periodically being removed via he anus in a process called EGESTION
- Salivary Glands
- Situated near the mouth
- They pass their secretions via a duct into the mouth
- These secretions contain the enzyme amylase, which breaks down starch into maltose
- Pancreas
- A large gland situated below the stomach
- It produces a secretion called pancreatic juice.
- This secretion conatins proteases to digest proteins, lipase to digest lipids and amylase to digest starch
- Oesophagus
- Most of the water that is reabsorbed comes from the secretions of the many digestive glands
- The food withihn the large intestine therefore becomes drier and thicker in consistancy and form faeces
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